Chapter 10

Question 1

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Answer 1

taxed good imported to U.S.; raised prices

Question 2

Bonus Army situation

Answer 2

WWI vets came to ask for bonus in 1934 rather than 1945 when it was promised; Congress said no; 2 dead in conflict; troops burned camp

Question 3

Dust Bowl causes

Answer 3

farmers & new methods left soil loose; drought; windstorms

Question 4

TVA outcomes

Answer 4

dams to control spring floods; generated electricity; successful

Question 5

WPA

Answer 5

Works Progress Administration build airports, roads, bridges; hire writers, artists, musicians

Question 6

fascism

Answer 6

stresses glory of the nation over individual needs; dictatorships

Question 7

Huey Long

Answer 7

LA governor then senator; threatened Roosevelt’s popularity; assassinated

Question 8

Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 8

member of Roosevelt’s “Black Cabinet”

Question 9

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Answer 9

work relief program; employed 3 million young people; planting trees, building levees, improving national parks

Question 10

Federal Emergency Relief Admin.

Answer 10

gave money to states to help the needy; food & assistance

Question 11

buying on margin

Answer 11

borrowing money to buy stock

Question 12

Francis Townsend

Answer 12

called for monthly pension for retired people

Question 13

Frances Perkins

Answer 13

Secretary of Labor under FDR; first woman in a presidential Cabinet

Question 14

Election of 1932

Answer 14

first year FDR elected; FDR vs. Herbert Hoover; FDR won in a landslide

Question 15

stock market decline

Answer 15

Sept.-Oct. 1929; more & more people sold stock so prices fell

Question 16

Reconstruction Finance Corp.

Answer 16

Hoover asked Congress to start it in 1932; lent money to businesses; unwilling to make risky loans so money not spent; didn’t do much to help

Question 17

Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Answer 17

New Deal program; guaranteed up to $2500 in insured bank; tried to regain confidence in banks

Question 18

Dust Bowl migrants

Answer 18

moved to CA; became migrant farm workers

Question 19

Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

Answer 19

restored traditional tribal govt.; provided $ to enlarge reservations; let Native Americans be Native Americans and deal with their own affairs

Question 20

ESSAY: How did the Great Depression change the role of women?
*include several ways

Answer 20

• got jobs to help families; earned less than men
• some thought women shouldn’t work if men were unemployed
• more work at home; sew own clothes, bake own bread, can own veggies–all to save money
• started home businesses like laundries & boardinghouses to make extra $
• more women in public life b/c of New Deal & Eleanor Roosevelt’s influence