Chapter 13.2 PP

Question 1

What has no standard definition agreed upon by biologists

Answer 1

Biological race

Question 2

“_____” may not be considered a useful term in biology.

Answer 2

Race

Question 3

Races are populations of one species that have diverged form each other as a result of isolation of gene pools.

Answer 3

Definition of biological race

Question 4

Biologists prefer the genealogical species concept over the biological race concept.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The smallest group of reproductively compatible individuals descended from a single common ancestor.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Linnaeus classified all humans as a species,

Answer 6

Homosapiens

Question 7

Who recognized five definitive varieties of humans?

Answer 7

Linnaeus

Question 8

Who based races on physical characteristics, behaviors, and aptitudes

Answer 8

Linnaeus

Question 9

Scientific work was used to legitimize cultural practices of injustice and discrimination

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Examples of scientific work that was used to legitimize cultural practices of injustice and discrimination are
1.
2.

Answer 10

Colonization and slavery

Question 11

Describes a group of individuals with some reliable physical characteristics that distinguish them from all other species.

Answer 11

The morphological species concept

Question 12

Morphological differences are assumed to correlate with isolation of what?

Answer 12

gene pools

Question 13

How many human races used to be on the U.S. Census?

Answer 13

5

Question 14

White
Black 
Pacific Islander 
Asian 
Native American

Answer 14

Five major human races on U.S. Census

Question 15

Preference to mate with someone like self

Answer 15

Assortative mating

Question 16

Hight
skin color
and tending to exaggerate physical differences between groups are examples of what?

Answer 16

Assortative mating

Question 17

When a trait influences the likelihood of mating

Answer 17

Sexual selection

Question 18

What explains the male/female differences in many animal species?

Answer 18

Sexual selection

Question 19

May account for differences in human male/female body size.

Answer 19

Sexual selection

Question 20

small populations are especially prone to loss of alleles through chance

Answer 20

Chance events

Question 21

genetic change resulting from a dramatic reduction of population numbers

Answer 21

Population bottleneck

Question 22

genetic differences resulting from a small sample

Answer 22

Founder effect

Question 23

change in allele frequency that occurs due to change

Answer 23

Genetic drift

Question 24

Occurs in three different situations

Answer 24

Genetic drift

Question 25

Founder effect population bottleneck chance events

Answer 25

Genetic drift

Question 26

Human populations travel is an example of?

Answer 26

genetic drift

Question 27

Small groups colonize new areas and are prone to evolution because of what?

Answer 27

Genetic drift

Question 28

Fitness of skin color is related to what?

Answer 28

The environment

Question 29

Traits shared by unrelated populations due to similarities of environment

Answer 29

Covergent evolution

Question 30

Similar shapes in dolphins and sharks are examples of what type of evolution?

Answer 30

Covergent evolution

Question 31

Skin color in humans is an example of what type of evolution?

Answer 31

Covergent evolution

Question 32

Strong correlation between skin color and exposure to UV light. this is an example of what?

Answer 32

Covergent evolution

Question 33

What is higher in environments with malaria?

Answer 33

Sickle-cell allele

Question 34

Adaptation of having one sickle-cell allele increases what?

Answer 34

fitness

Question 35

What reduces the ability of parasite to reproduce?

Answer 35

Sickle-cell allele

Question 36

Human races are not isolated.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Frequency in type B blood decreases from east to west 1. allele envolved in Asia 2. Became part of European gene pool

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What has prevented isolation required for distinct biological races?

Answer 38

Interbreeding

Question 39

allele frequencies are not more similar within racial groups than between racial groups.

Answer 39

true

Question 40

The distribution of alleles within racial groups is about the same as between racial groups.

Answer 40

true

Question 41

More variability exists within a race than average differences among races.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Human races are not independent of evolutionary groups

Answer 42

True

Question 43

No single what is found in all(or even most) populations of a defined race and not found in other races?

Answer 43

allele

Question 44

Small number of SNPs identified as unique to a particular human group 1. never found in all populations of the race 2. never within every individual in a population

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Genetic evidence that human racial groups are not what?

Answer 45

Biological races

Question 46

1. Not found In all white populations | 2. low frequency in some black and Asian populations

Answer 46

Cystic fibrosis allele

Question 47

presence in human populations

Answer 47

Sickle-cell allele