Chapter 12.2 PP

Question 1

The physical or behavioral traits of organisms that lead to increased survival or reproduction become more common in a population

Answer 1

Theory of natural selection

Question 2

What theory explains how organisms evolved from a common ancestor?

Answer 2

Theory of natural selection

Question 3

What theory is the most important cause of evolution?

Answer 3

Theory of natural selection

Question 4

Individuals within populations vary.

Answer 4

Darwins observations

Question 5

Some of the variation among individuals can be passed on to their offspring

Answer 5

Darwins observations

Question 6

Populations of organisms produce more offspring than will survive.

Answer 6

Darwins observations

Question 7

Survival and reproduction are not random

Answer 7

Darwins observations

Question 8

Observation 1: individuals within populations vary.
Variation seen in human and non-human populations
1.
2.

Answer 8

Appearance

Blooming time in flowers

Question 9

each type of individual is different

Answer 9

variant

Question 10

Observation 2: Some of the variation among individuals can be passed on to their offspring.
There is Resemblance between parent and offspring

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Observation 3: Populations of organisms produce more offspring than will survive.
Even slow-breeding animals can produce large populations quickly.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Observation 4: Survival and reproduction are not random.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

relative survival and reproduction of one variant

Answer 13

Fitness

Question 14

traits that increase individual fitness in an environment

Answer 14

Adaptation

Question 15

Individuals with adaptations for a particular environment are more likely to what?

Answer 15

Survive and reproduce

Question 16

Birds with larger bills could crack open tough seeds and were more fit during drought conditions. This is an example of what?

Answer 16

Adaptations

Question 17

Adaptations for more than survival may result in traits increasing the number of what?

Answer 17

Offspring produced

Question 18

Flowers need to attract pollinator by
1.
2.

Answer 18

Bright flower color

Greater nectar production

Question 19

Darwin’s inference is that

Answer 19

Natural selection causes evolution

Question 20

1. Favorable inherited variations tend to increase in frequency
2. unfavorable variations tend to be lost
3. Evolution: a change in the traits of individuals in a population over generations

Answer 20

Results of Natural Selection

Question 21

What are methods to test natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change?

Answer 21

Testing natural selection

Question 22

Artificial selection, Natural selection in the lab and Natural selection I wild populations are all examples of what?

Answer 22

Testing natural selecting

Question 23

Selection imposed by human choice is what?

Answer 23

Artificial selection

Question 24

Fancy pigeons studied by Darwin and Breeds of dog are examples of what?

Answer 24

Artificial Selection

Question 25

Environmental conditions can be manipulated when using natural selection where?

Answer 25

In the lab

Question 26

Effects on population examined 1. alcohol metabolism in fruit flies 2. variations in ability to metabolize alcohol exist in populations happen during what?

Answer 26

Natural selection in the lab

Question 27

Antibiotic resistance in M.Tuberculosis

Answer 27

example of evolution

Question 28

Drug and pesticide resistance in other disease-causing pathogens

Answer 28

example of evolution

Question 29

Bill size in Galapagos finches

Answer 29

example of evolution

Question 30

Thicker shell in blue mussel to protect against the invasive Asian crab species

Answer 30

example of evolution