Chapter 13 - Viruses Flashcards
1
Q
Properties of Viruses
A
- Smaller than other M.O.s
- RNA and DNA
- Protein Coated
- Possible Lipid Envelope
- Only infect specific host cells
- Little to no enzymes (Obligatory Parasites)
2
Q
Types of Envelopes
A
- Capsid (protects DNA)
- Lipid Envelope (helps adhere to host)
- Spikes (easier to incorporate into host)
3
Q
Viral Morphology (Shape)
A
- Helical (DNA housed in cylindrical capsid)
- Polyhedral (high geometric strength)
~ Most common iscosahedral (20 sided) - Enveloped
- Complex (many components, Ex: Phage)
4
Q
Taxonomy (Suffix)
1. Genus 2. Family 3. Species
A
- -virus (herpesvirus)
- -viridae (herpesviridae)
- shares genetic information and niche
5
Q
Host Types
A
- Bacteria (cheap/easily maintained)
- Live Eukaryota
- Embryonic Cells (vaccine research)
- Cell Cultures
6
Q
Viral Identification
A
- Cytopathic Effects (structural changes)
- Serological Tests (antibody reaction)
- Nucleaic Acids (fragment identification)
7
Q
Process of Infection
A
- Attachment (chance collision)
- Penetration (phage lysozyme)
- Biosynthesis (takes over host processes)
- Maturation (DNA production)
- Release (host cell is lysed)
8
Q
Types of Infection
A
- Latent (long asymptomatic phase, sudden onset)
2. Persistent (symptoms build over time)
9
Q
Characteristics of Influenza
A
- Envelope
- 8 RNA segments
- Spherical (200nm)
- High mutation rate
10
Q
Prions
A
- Not viral or bacterial
- Misfolded proteins that cause others to misfold
- Neurological Diseases
