Chapter 13 Terms

Question 1

An antigen that stimulates an allergic response.

Answer 1

Allergens

Question 2

A Y-shaped protein produced by plasma cells during an adaptive immune response that recognizees and binds to a specific antigen because of the shape of the molecule. They defend against invaders in a variety of ways, including neutralization, agglutination and precipitation, or activation of the complement system.

Answer 2

Antibodies

Question 3

Immune system responses conducted by B cells that produce antibodies and that defend primarily against enemies that are free in body fluids, including toxins or extracellular pathogens, such as bacteria or free viruses.

Answer 3

Antibody-Mediated Immune Response

Question 4

x

Answer 4

Antibotic Resistence

Question 5

A substance that is recognized as foreign by the immune system. Triggers an immune response.

Answer 5

Antigen

Question 6

An immune response misdirected against the body’s own tissues.

Answer 6

Autoimmune Disorders

Question 7

x

Answer 7

Bacteria

Question 8

x

Answer 8

B-Cells

Question 9

Immune system responses conducted by T cells that protect against cellular threats, including body cells that have become infected with viruses or other pathogens and cancer cells.

Answer 9

Cell-Mediated Immune Response

Question 10

A type of T lymphocyte that directly attacks infected body cells and tumor cells by relasing chemicals called perforins that cause the target cells to burst.

Answer 10

Cytotoxic T Cells

Question 11

x

Answer 11

Entry Barriers

Question 12

The kind of T lmphocyte that serves as the main switch for the entire immune response by presenting the antigens to B cells and by secreting chemicals that stimulate other cells of the immune syste. It is also known as a T4 cell or a CD4 cell after the receptors on its surface.

Answer 12

Helper T Cells

Question 13

A substance released by basophils and mast cells during an inflammatory response that causes blood vessels to widen (dilate) and become more permeable.

Answer 13

Histamine

Question 14

The body’s response to specific targets not recognized as belonging in the body.

Answer 14

Immune Respone

Question 15

x

Answer 15

Inflammation

Question 16

x

Answer 16

Inflammatory Response

Question 17

Small nodular organs found along lymph vessles that filter lymph. They contain macrophages and lymphocytes, cells that play an essential role in the body’s defense system.

Answer 17

Lymph Nodes

Question 18

Various organs that belong to the lymphatic system, including the tonsils, spleen, thymus, and Peyer’s patches.

Answer 18

Lymphoid Organs

Question 19

A lymphocyte (B cell or T cell) of the immune system that forms in response to an antigen and that circulates for a long period of time; such cells are able to mount a quick immune response to a subsequent exposure the same atigen.

Answer 19

Memory Cells

Question 20

x

Answer 20

Non-Self

Question 21

x

Answer 21

Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms

Question 22

Temporary immune resistance that developes when a person receives antibodies that were produced by another person or animal.

Answer 22

Passive Immunity

Question 23

Disease-causing organisms.

Answer 23

Pathogens

Question 24

The immune response that occurs during the body’s first encounter with a particular antigen.

Answer 24

Primary Immune Response

Question 25

x

Answer 25

Prions

Question 26

Blood cell-forming connective tissue found in the marrow cavity of certain bones.

Answer 26

Red Bone Marrrow

Question 27

x

Answer 27

Secondary Immune Response

Question 28

x

Answer 28

Self

Question 29

x

Answer 29

Specific Defense Mechanisms

Question 30

x

Answer 30

Spleen

Question 31

A type of T lymphocyte that turns off the immune response when the leval of antigen falls by releasing chemicals that dampen the activity of both B cells and T cells.

Answer 31

Suppressor T Cells

Question 32

x

Answer 32

T-Cells

Question 33

x

Answer 33

Thymus

Question 34

x

Answer 34

Tonsisls and Adenoids

Question 35

Minute infectious agents that consists of a nucleic acid encased in protein. It cannot replicate outside a living host cell.

Answer 35

Viruses