Chapter 11 Terms Flashcards
A straw-colored liquid that makes up about 55% of blood. It serves as the medium for transporting materials within the blood. Consists of water (91-93%) with substances disolved in it (7-9%)
Plasma
A red blood cell. A nucleus-free biconcave cell in the blood that is specialized for transporting oxygen to cells and asists in transporting carbon dioxide away from cells.
Erythrocytes
White blood cells, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes. Involved in body defense mechanisms and removal of wastes, toxins, or damaged, abnormal cells
Leukocytes
x
Thrombocytes (platelets)
Cells or cell fragments found in the blood. They include platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells.
Formed elements
x
Blood Stem Cell
The oxygen-binding pigment in red blood cells. It consists of four subunits, each made up or an iron-containing heme group and a protein chain.
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin bound to oxygen.
Oxyhemoglobin
x
Reduced Hemoglobin
x
Carbon Monoxide
x
Blood Doping
A condition in which the blood’s ability to carry oxygen is reduced. It can result from too little hemoglobin, too few red blood cells, or both.
Anemia
A reduction in the ability of the blood to carry oxygen due to an insufficient amount of iron in the diet, an inability to absorb iron from the digestive system, or blood loss.
Iron deficiency anemia
x
Neutorphils
The type of white blood cell important in the body’s defense against parasitic worms. It releases chemicals that help conunteract certain inflammatory chemicals relase during an allergic response.
Eosinphils
A white blood cell that release histamine, a chemical that both attracts other white blood cells to the site and cuases blood vessels to widen during an inflammatory response.
Basophils
A type of white blood cell important in nonspecific and specific (immune) body defenses. Include B lmphocytes (B cells) that transfrom into plasma cells and produce antibodies and T lymphocytes that are important in defense agains foreign or infected cells.
Lymphocytes
x
Tcells
B lymphocyte. A type of white blood cell important in antibody-mediated immune responses that can transform into a plasma cell and produce antibodies.
B cells
The largest white blood cell. Active in fighting chronic infections, viruses, and intracellur bacterial infections. Can transform into a phagocytic macrophage.
Monocytes
x
Phagocytes
A cancer of the blood-forming organs that cuases white blood cell numbers to increase. The white blood cells are abnormal and do not effectively defend the body against infectious agents.
Leukemia
A plasma protein syntesized by the liver that is important in blood clotting. It is converted to an active form (thrombin) by thromboplastin that is relased from platelets.
Prothrombin
A plasma protein important in blood clotting that is formed from prothrombin by throboplastin. Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, which forms a web that traps blood cells and forms a clot.
Thrombin
A plasma protein produced by the liver that is important in blood clotting. It is converted to fibrin by thrombin.
Fibrinogen
A protein formed from fibriogen by thrombin. It forms a web that traps blood cells, forming a blood clot.
Fibrin
x
Clot
A stationary blood clot that forms in the blood vessles, can block blood flow.
Thrombus
x
Thromboembolus
x
Thromb-embolism
x
Anticoagulants
x
Serum
x
CBC and Differential
