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Human Biology 111 > Chapter 12 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

A narrowing of the arteries caused by thickening of the arterial walls and a buildup of lipid (primarily cholesterol) deposits. Reduces blood flow through the vessel, choking off the vital supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues served by that vessel.

A

Atherosclerosis

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2
Q

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A

Balloon Angioplasty

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2
Q

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A

Enothelium

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3
Q

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A

Cardiac Arrest

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3
Q

The fibrous sac enclosing the heart that holds the heart in the center of the chest without hampering its movement.

A

Pericardium

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4
Q

A blood-filled sac in the wall of an artery caused by a weak area in the artery wall.

A

Aneurysm

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4
Q

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A

Lymphatic Vessels

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5
Q

The system of blood vessels that services the tissues of the heart itself.

A

Coronary Circulation

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5
Q

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A

CPR

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5
Q

A blood vessel formed by the merger of venules that transports blood back toward the heart. Have walls that are easily stretched, so they serve as blood reservoirs, holding up 65% of the body’s total blood supply.

A

Veins

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6
Q

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A

AV Valves

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6
Q

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A

Lymph Fluid

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7
Q

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A

Stent

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9
Q

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A

Atria

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9
Q

Microscope blood vessels between arterioles and venules with walls only one cell layer thick. The site where the exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues occurs.

A

Capillaries

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10
Q

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A

T Wave

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11
Q

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A

Atrial Systole

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12
Q

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A

Essential Hypertension

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13
Q

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A

Pericardial Fluid

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13
Q

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A

Pulmonary Trunk (Arteries)

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14
Q

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A

Aortic Semilunar Valve

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15
Q

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A

CHF

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16
Q

An increase in the diameter of blood vessles, commonly of the arterioles. Blood flow through the vessle increases, and blood pressure decreases as a result of this.

A

Vasodilation

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17
Q

A graphical record of the electrical activity of the brain.

A

ECG

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18
Q

The rhythmic expansion of an artery created by the surge of blood pushed along the artery by each contraction of the ventricles of the heart. With each beat of the heart, the wave of expsion beings, moving along the arter at the rate of 6 to 9 meters per second.

A

Pulse

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19
Q

x

A

Ventricular Systole

20
Q

The highest pressure in an artery during each heartbeat. The higher of the two numbers in a blood pressure reading. In a typical, healthy adult, is about 120 mm Hg.

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

22
Q

A heart valve located between the left atrium and ventricle. It is also called the mitral valve or the left atria-ventricular (AV) valve

A

Bicuspid (mitral)

23
Q

A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, commonly of the arterils. Blood flow through the vessel is reduced, and blood pressure rises as a result of this.

A

Vasoconstriction

24
Q

Blood vesels that carry oxygenated blod from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

A

Pulmonary Veins

25
Q

x

27
Q

x

A

Coronary Bypass

29
Q

x

A

Arterioles

30
Q

The arteries that deliver blood to cardiac muscle.

A

Coronary Arteries

31
Q

x

32
Q

x

32
Q

x

A

Monoflow Valves

32
Q

Veins that have become stretched and distended because blood is prevented from flowing freely and so accumulates or “pools” in the vein. A common cause of is weak valves within the veins.

A

Varicose Veins

33
Q

x

A

Nodal Tissue

34
Q

x

36
Q

x

A

Superior Vena Cava

38
Q

The events associated with the flow of blood through the heart during a single heartbeat. It consists of systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation) of the atria and then of the ventricles of the heart

A

Cardiac Cycle

39
Q

Heart sounds other than “lup dup” that are created by turbulent blood flow. Can indicate a heart problem, such as a malfunctioning valvue.

A

Heart Murmur

41
Q

x

43
Q

Cardic muscle tissue that make up the buld of the heart. The contractility of this is reponsible for the heart’s pumping action.

A

Myocardium

44
Q

A wall that separates the right and left sides of the heart.

45
Q

x

46
Q

Choking or strangling chest pain, usually experienced in the center of the chest or slightly to the left, that is caused by a temporary insufficiency of blood flow to the heart. It begins during physical exertion or emotional stress, when the demands on the heart are increased and the blood flow to the heart muscle can no longer meet the needs.

A

Angina Pectoris

47
Q

x

A

Systemic Circuit

49
Q

x

A

Inferior Vena Cava

50
Q

A thin layer that lines the cavities of the heart.

A

Endocardium

51
Q

One of the two lower chambers of the heart that receive blood from the atria. Function as the main pumps of the heart. The right one pumps blood to the lungs. The left one pumps blood to body tissue.

A

Ventricles

53
Q

The body’s main artery that conducts blood from the left ventricle toward the cells of the body. The aorta arches over the top of the heart and gives rise to the smaller arteries that feed the capillary beds of the body tissues.

54
Q

The lowest blood pressure in an artery during the relaxation of the heart. In a typical, healthy adult, the diastolic pressure is about 88 mm Hg.

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure

55
Q

Small blood vessles that receive blood from the capillaries. These merge into larger vessles called veins. The exchange of materials between the blood and tissues across the walls of this is minimal.

57
Q

x

A

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

58
Q

Relaxation of the heart. Atrial diastole is the reaction of the atria. Ventricular this is the relaxation of the ventricles.

59
Q

x

60
Q

The hollow cavity or channel of a tubule through which transported material flows.

61
Q

x

A

Heart Beat

62
Q

x

63
Q

x

64
Q

x

Human Biology 111 (14 decks)

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