Chapter 13 Review Flashcards
Corrupt Bargain
Alleged deal between presidential candidate John Q Adams and Henry Clay to throw the election, to be decided by the House of Representatives, in Adams’ favor.
Who won the popular vote in the election of 1824?
Nobody.
What party was Andrew Jackson the face of?
Democratic Republicans.
Spoils System
Policy of rewarding political supporters with public office, first widely employed at the federal level by Andrew Jackson.
Tariff of Abominations
(1828) Noteworthy for its unprecedentedly high duties on imports. Southerners vehemently opposed the tariff, arguing that it hurt southern farmers, who did not enjoy the protection of higher tariffs but were forced to pay higher prices for manufacturers.
Who published the South Carolina exposition in 1828?
John C Calhoun
Nullification Crisis
(1832-1833) Showdown between Jackson and the South Carolina legislature, which declared the 1832 tariff null and void in the state and threatened secession if the federal government tried to collect duties.
Compromise Tariff of 1833
Passed as a measure to resolve the Nullification Crisis, it provided that tariffs be lowered gradually, over a period of ten years, back to 1816 levels.
Force Bill
(1833) Passed by Congress alongside the compromise tariff of 1833, it authorized the president to use the military to collect federal tariff duties.
What were the “Five Civilized Tribes?”
Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles.
What 1830 Act ordered Indian Tribes still residing east of the Mississippi to move to the newly established Indian Territory west of Arkansas and Missouri?
Indian Removal Act
Trail of Tears
(1838-1839) Forced march of 15,000 Cherokee Indians from their GA and AL homes to Indian Territory.
Black Hawk War
(1832) Series of clashes in Illinois and Wisconsin between American forces and Indian Chief Black Hawk of the Sauk and Fox tribes, who unsuccessfully tried to reclaim territory lost under the 1830 Indian Removal Act.
How many Cherokees died along the Trail of Tears?
About 4,000
Bank War
(1832) Battle between President Jackson and congressional supporters of the Bank of the US over the bank’s renewal. Jackson vetoed the bank bill, arguing that the bank favored moneyed interests at the expense of western farmers.
What party, founded in 1832, was originally created because of their dislike of Jackson?
Anti-Masonic Party
Pet Banks
Popular term for pro-Jackson state banks that received the bulk of federal deposits when Jackson moved to dismantle the Bank of the US in 1833.
Specie Circular
Us treasury decree requiring all public lands be purchased with “hard” or metallic currency. Issues after small state banks flooded the market with unreliable paper currency, fueling land speculation in the west.
What party was originally the opposition to monarchy in Britain?
The Whigs
Who did Jackson want to become his successor as president?
Martin Van Buren
Panic of 1837
Economic crisis triggered by bank failures, elevated grain prices,and Andrew Jackson’s efforts to curb over speculation on western lands and transportation improvements.
What did Van Buren propose in response to the Panic of 1837?
The Divorce Bill
Alamo
Fortress in TX where 200 American volunteers were slain by Santa Anna in 1836.
Holiday
Texas outpost where American volunteers having laid down their arms and surrendered, were massacred by Mexican forces in 1836.
Who won the election of 1840?
William Henry Harrison
Who was William Henry Harrison’s opposition in the presidential election of 1840?
Martin Van Buren
Which party favored states’ rights and federal restraint in social/economic affairs?
Democrats
