Chapter 13 Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Stage 1

Answer 1

-DNA helicase unwinds and splits apart the nitrogenous bases

Question 2

Stage 2

Answer 2

-RNA polymease runs up the exposed nitrogenous bases and forms a strand of mRNA, which are complementary to those on the template strand of DNA

Question 3

Stage 3

Answer 3

The mRNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm. It is then read by a ribosome, 3 bases(one codon) at a time.

Question 4

Stage 4

Answer 4

As the ribosome reads each codon, it signals to a tRNA molecule that has the anticidon(complimentary bases to codon). Each tRNA will bind to a specific amino acid, determined by the anticodon

Question 5

Stage 5

Answer 5

The tRNA with the complimentary anti-codon will bind to the codon on the mRNA. ATP is then used and the amino acid carried by the tRNA is dropped off. The next codon on the mRNA is then read and the next amino acid is dropped off. The amino acids are joined together via peptide bonds. And eventually a protein is made.