Chapter 13 - Personality

Question 1

What are the different personality clusters categorized by

Answer 1

A - odd or eccentric
B - dramatic, emotional or erratic
C - anxious or fearful

Question 2

Stats for personality

Answer 2

prevalence - 9.1%
comorbid with most psychological disorders
diagnosed in men more but women have higher prevalence in cluster c

Question 3

Cluster A disorders (3)

Answer 3

Paranoid Personality
Schizoid personality
Schizotypal personality

Question 4

Which disorder is the only one to be in two sections of DSM

Answer 4

Schizotypal personality

Question 5

What is paranoid personality disorder

Answer 5

excessively mistrustful and suspicious of others and you assume that others are out to get you

Question 6

Paranoid personality disorder causes

Answer 6

early mistreatment/trauma in childhood
unique experiences interact with cognitive to produce suspiciousness

Question 7

Paranoid Personality treatment

Answer 7

need to devlelop trust first
cognitive therapy and reconstructuring (change beliefs)

Question 8

What is schizoid personality disorder

Answer 8

no desire or enjoyment for being close to others

Question 9

schizoid personality disorder causes

Answer 9

childhood shyness
Autism overlap
abuse and neglect

Question 10

schizoid personality disorder treatment

Answer 10

discuss value of social relationships
role playing for social skills

Question 11

Schizotypal personality disorder description

Answer 11

socially isolated and behave in ways that seem unusual. Showcase psychotic-like symptoms

Question 12

Schizotypal personality disorder causes

Answer 12

predisposition to schizophrenia
damage in left hemisphere
environment

Question 13

Schizotypal personality disorder treatment

Answer 13

combine meds, community and social skills training

Question 14

What are the cluster b disorders

Answer 14

Antisocial Personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
histrionic personality disorder
narcissistic personality disorder

Question 15

What are the cluster c disorders

Answer 15

avoidant personality disorder
dependent personality disorder
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Question 16

What percentage of individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder have a history of problematic substance use?

Answer 16

60%

Question 17

What is Conduct Disorder, and how does it relate to Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Answer 17

Conduct Disorder is used for children and adolescents exhibiting similar behavior to adults with Antisocial Personality Disorder. It includes childhood-onset and adolescent-onset types, with a callous-unemotional presentation resembling adult characteristics.

Question 18

What are some genetic influences on Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Answer 18

Genetic influences include gene-environment interaction, vulnerability to chronic stress, and differences in executive functioning and attention-related abilities.

Question 19

What treatment approaches are recommended for Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Answer 19

treatment may involve cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to reduce violence, addressing cognitive deficits directly, parent training to recognize and praise positive behavior, and a multifaceted approach combining behavioral techniques with efforts to improve family relationships.

Question 20

What are some common characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Answer 20

Borderline Personality Disorder is characterized by unstable moods and relationships, poor self-image, impulsive behavior, and chronic feelings of boredom and identity disturbance.

Question 21

What are some causes of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Answer 21

Causes may include genetic predisposition, early trauma such as abuse and neglect, and changes in limbic network functioning and serotonin neurotransmitter levels.

Question 22

What treatments are effective for Borderline Personality Disorder?

Answer 22

Treatment options include medication, such as antidepressants, and psychotherapy, particularly dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), which focuses on emotion regulation, problem-solving, and coping with stressors.

Question 23

What are some common characteristics of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Answer 23

Individuals with Histrionic Personality Disorder tend to be overly dramatic, vain, and self-centered, seeking reassurance and approval while exhibiting impulsive behavior.

Question 24

What are some potential causes of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Answer 24

The exact causes are not well understood, but there may be a relationship with antisocial personality traits, and it is more commonly diagnosed in women.

Question 25

What is the recommended treatment approach for Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Answer 25

focuses on addressing problematic interpersonal relationships through therapy

Question 26

How do individuals with Histrionic Personality Disorder express emotions?

Answer 26

end to express emotions in an exaggerated manner and may become upset or angry if they do not receive the attention or approval they seek.

Question 27

What are some characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Answer 27

Individuals with Narcissistic Personality Disorder exhibit an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a preoccupation with receiving attention, lack of empathy for others, and frequently display arrogance and envy

Question 28

What are potential causes of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Answer 28

failure to learn empathy early on from parents and societal influences, such as increasing narcissism in Western culture due to certain ideologies.

Question 29

Narcissistic treatment

Answer 29

Treatment focuses on addressing grandiosity, hypersensitivity to evaluation, and lack of empathy. It includes coping strategies to face criticism, learning about the feelings of others, and may be initiated for co-occurring depression.

Question 30

What are the characteristics of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Answer 30

extremely sensitive to the opinions of others, experience anxiety leading to extreme avoidance and limited friendships, and fear rejection while feeling chronically rejected by others.

Question 31

Potential causes of avoidant

Answer 31

Causes may include a difficult temperament, childhood experiences of neglect, isolation, rejection, and conflict, as well as genetic influences and an avoidant response to unfamiliar situations.

Question 32

treatment approaches are recommended for Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Answer 32

behavioral interventions for anxiety and social skills, including training to become more assertive and graduated exposure to feared situations. Medication can be effective for managing anxiety symptoms

Question 33

characteristics of Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 33

rely on others to make decisions, experience an unreasonable fear of abandonment, and cling to relationships while displaying submissive, timid, and passive behavior.

Question 34

recommended treatment approach for Dependent Personality Disorder?

Answer 34

gradual progression towards autonomy, ensuring patients do not become overly reliant on the therapist. Therapy may focus on building self-confidence, assertiveness, and independence.