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Biol1151 > Chapter 13 Meiosis > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

why do many organisms undergo asexual reproduction?

A

to quickly make exact copies. no variation

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2
Q

Why is sexual reproduction so important?

A

Variation of genes, able to adapt to different environments easier

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3
Q

Define meiosis

A

division of sex cells. results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes from the original parent

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4
Q

What is haploid cells?

A

1 version of each type of chromosome. 1 allele on each gene.

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5
Q

what is diploid cells?

A

2 of each type of chromosomes

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6
Q

what is polyploid

A

3+ copies of each chromosome. a lot of allele

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7
Q

what is a sex chromosome?

A

genetic info associated with individual sex

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8
Q

what are autosomes?

A

non-sex chromosomes

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9
Q

what are un-replicated chromosomes?

A

a single coply of DNA with protein

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10
Q

what are replicated chromosomes

A

copied chromosomes joined at the centrosomes

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11
Q

Sister chromatids?

A

each copy within a chromosome

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12
Q

what is a non-sister chromatids?

A

Chromatids in homologous chromosomes

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13
Q

What is a tetrad?

A

Replicated homologous chromosomes that are joined together

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14
Q

What happens in meiosis 1

A

chromosomes are replicated, homologous chromosomes pair, identical portions swapped at random, then the rest is the same as mitosis

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15
Q

What is crossing over?

A

identical portions swapped

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16
Q

What is interkinesis and when does it happen

A

the stage between meiosis 1 and 2, no DNA replication

17
Q

what is meiosis 2

A

exactly the same as mitosis

18
Q

how much starting material do these cells start with?

A

46 at the start, and then 23 for the daughter cells

19
Q

what occurs during spermatogenisis?

A

a cell that will develop into a sperm cell

20
Q

what happens during oogenisis ?

A

egg cells with polar body cells.

Biol1151 (5 decks)

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