Chapter 13: Human Communication Flashcards
Aphasia
difficulty in producing or comprehending speech - caused by brain damage
Verbal behavior is a _____ function; most language disturbances occur after damage to the ___ side of the brain
laterlized; left
Broca’s Aphasia
Damage to a region of the inferior left frontal lobe (Broca’s area) that disrupts the ability to speak. Better at producing content words, not function words
Function word
a preposition, article, or other word that conveys little of the meaning of a sentence but is important in specifying its grammatical structure
Content word
a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb that conveys meaning
Broca’s Area
region of frontal cortex, rostral to the base of the left primary motor cortex, that is necessary got normal speech production
prosody
the normal rhythm and stress found in speech
Agrammatism
a patient’s difficulty in comprehending or properly using grammatical devices; a usual symptom of Broca’s Aphasia
Anomia
difficulty in finding (remembering) the appropriate word to describe an object, action, or attribute; symptom of aphasia
Wernicke’s Area
a region of the auditory association cortex on the left temporal lobe, which is important in the comprehension of words and the production of meaningful speech
Wernicke’s Aphasia
characterized by poor speech comprehension and fluent but meaningless speech
Pure word deafness
the ability to hear to speak, and usually to read and write without being able to comprehend the meaning of speech; caused with damage to Wernicke’s area; “I can hear you talking, I just can’t understand what you’re saying.”
Transcortical sensory aphasia
A speech disorder in which a person has difficulty comprehending speech and producing meaningful spontaneous speech but can repeat speech
autotopagnosia
inability to name body parts or to identify body parts that another person names
Arcuate Fasciculus
A bundle of axons that connects Wernicke’s Area with Broca’s Area; damage causes conduction aphasia
