Chapter 13: Control Of Microbial Growth

Question 1

Removing and destroying all microbial life.

Answer 1

Sterilization

Question 2

Procedure in which added precautions are used to prevent contamination of a person, object or area by microbes.

Answer 2

Sterile (aseptic) technique

Question 3

Destroying harmful microorganisms; use disinfectants

Answer 3

Disinfection

Question 4

Destroying harmful microorganism from living tissue; Use antiseptics

Answer 4

Antisepsis

Question 5

Lowering microbial counts on eating utensils to safe levels

Answer 5

Sanitization

Question 6

Infected by contact or association

Answer 6

Contamination

Question 7

Killing of microbes

Answer 7

Microbiocidal

Question 8

Inhibiting, not killing microbes

Answer 8

Microbiostatic

Question 9

Time (in minutes) required to kill 90% of bacterial population at a given temperature; also called D value

Answer 9

Decimal Reduction Time (DRT)

Question 10

Lowest temperature at which all cells in culture are killed in 10 minutes

Answer 10

Thermal Death Point (TDP)

Question 11

Time during which all cells in culture are killed

Answer 11

Thermal Death Time (TDT)

Question 12

Process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microorganisms or pathogens

Answer 12

Pasteurization

Question 13

The effectiveness of treatment depends on the following:

Answer 13

Number of microbes
Environment
Time of exposure
Microbial characteristics

Question 14

The physical method “heat” controls microbes

Answer 14

Killing microbes by denaturing proteins

Question 15

The physical method “cold” of microbial control

Answer 15

Inhibits microbes

Question 16

The physical method “Dessication” of microbial control

Answer 16

Removal of water and prevents metabolism

Question 17

The physical method “radiation” of microbial control

Answer 17

Damages DNA

Question 18

The physical method” filtration” microbial control

Answer 18

Physically removes microbes

Question 19

Phenolics: Category of disinfectants

Answer 19

Disrupt Plasma membranes

Question 20

Heavy metals: category of disinfectants

Answer 20

Denature proteins

Question 21

Halogens: Category of disinfectants

Answer 21

Alter protein synthesis and membrane

Question 22

Alcohol: category of disinfectants

Answer 22

Denature proteins and dissolve lipids

Question 23

Surfactants: category of disinfectants

Answer 23

Decrease tension between molecules lying on the surface of liquid; emulsification

Question 24

Alkylating agents: category of disinfectant

Answer 24

Inactivates enzymes and nucleic acids

Question 25

What is the purpose of the disk diffusion test?

Answer 25

It is used to determine microbial susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents

Question 26

What type of microbes is most resistant to disinfection and autoclaving

Answer 26

Prions