Chapter 13: Control Of Microbial Growth Flashcards

1
Q

Removing and destroying all microbial life.

A

Sterilization

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2
Q

Procedure in which added precautions are used to prevent contamination of a person, object or area by microbes.

A

Sterile (aseptic) technique

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3
Q

Destroying harmful microorganisms; use disinfectants

A

Disinfection

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4
Q

Destroying harmful microorganism from living tissue; Use antiseptics

A

Antisepsis

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5
Q

Lowering microbial counts on eating utensils to safe levels

A

Sanitization

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6
Q

Infected by contact or association

A

Contamination

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7
Q

Killing of microbes

A

Microbiocidal

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8
Q

Inhibiting, not killing microbes

A

Microbiostatic

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9
Q

Time (in minutes) required to kill 90% of bacterial population at a given temperature; also called D value

A

Decimal Reduction Time (DRT)

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10
Q

Lowest temperature at which all cells in culture are killed in 10 minutes

A

Thermal Death Point (TDP)

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11
Q

Time during which all cells in culture are killed

A

Thermal Death Time (TDT)

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12
Q

Process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microorganisms or pathogens

A

Pasteurization

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13
Q

The effectiveness of treatment depends on the following:

A

Number of microbes
Environment
Time of exposure
Microbial characteristics

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14
Q

The physical method “heat” controls microbes

A

Killing microbes by denaturing proteins

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15
Q

The physical method “cold” of microbial control

A

Inhibits microbes

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16
Q

The physical method “Dessication” of microbial control

A

Removal of water and prevents metabolism

17
Q

The physical method “radiation” of microbial control

A

Damages DNA

18
Q

The physical method” filtration” microbial control

A

Physically removes microbes

19
Q

Phenolics: Category of disinfectants

A

Disrupt Plasma membranes

20
Q

Heavy metals: category of disinfectants

A

Denature proteins

21
Q

Halogens: Category of disinfectants

A

Alter protein synthesis and membrane

22
Q

Alcohol: category of disinfectants

A

Denature proteins and dissolve lipids

23
Q

Surfactants: category of disinfectants

A

Decrease tension between molecules lying on the surface of liquid; emulsification

24
Q

Alkylating agents: category of disinfectant

A

Inactivates enzymes and nucleic acids

25
What is the purpose of the disk diffusion test?
It is used to determine microbial susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents
26
What type of microbes is most resistant to disinfection and autoclaving
Prions