Chapter 13- Antiparasitic drugs

Question 1

Glossary for parasitism

Answer 1

adulticide- kills adults
larvacide- kills larvea
commensalism- live together
Symbiosis- live together and both benefit
parasitism- 1 suffers
definitive host-  adult host

Question 2

how do you diagnose parasitism

Answer 2

find direct evidence, indirect evidence on the surface, feces and lab tests

Question 3

non drug parasite management for Helminths

Answer 3

Clipping the grass, pasture rotation, or removal of larval incubators such as standing water

Question 4

EPM disease

Answer 4

it is an equine protozoal disease of the cervical spinal cord
its passed from an opossum

Question 5

Economics of parasite management

Answer 5

producers normally cant afford to treat

some are made on basis of parasite density

Question 6

human flea

Answer 6

it releases an anti-coagulant

you get an inflammatory response from the protein

Question 7

dog flea’s

Answer 7

they can cause self trauma

which can turn into a secondary infection

Question 8

how to treat a room with fleas

Answer 8

use a fogging adulticide

be careful it can kill your fish

Question 9

Pyrethrins and pyrethroids

Answer 9

pyrethrins are in flowers
they are insect neurotoxins

biodegradable rapid dispersal and synergized with addition of piperonyl

Question 10

what do larval growth regulators do

Answer 10

they dont allow the eggs to become larvea nor do they let the larvea mature

Question 11

Permethrin

Answer 11

synthetic pyrethroid and it is used in a combination product

deathly to cats

Question 12

Topical/systemic flea

Answer 12

Fipronil (Frontline)

Question 13

what does Frontline do

Answer 13

it is a neurotoxin to fleas and ticks
100% dead in 12h it translocates to hair shaft oil glands
hyperexcitation of nerve implses

Question 14

what are some adulticides with 1 month convience

Answer 14

Imidicloprid in food advantage

Selamectin- is in revolution and very broad with no environmental concerns

Question 15

Sentinal

Answer 15

it is Lufenuron which is a chitin inhibitor for larval stages

Question 16

Parasiticide Marketing wars

Answer 16

are they developing resistance
cost
broad spectrum
concentrations
is it neurotoxic

Question 17

What is Dermacentor

Answer 17

It is an American Dog Tick
can transfer disease
can suck for 3/4 days

Question 18

What is Ixodes

Answer 18

a deer tick that can transmit lyme disease

same as the lepto VX

Question 19

what are some topical tick control

Answer 19

Frontline, K9 Advantix, flea and tick collars, and Certifect

they contain growth regulators so no use on cats

Question 20

Acaricide release

Answer 20

use for up to 6 months
flea collar
uses Deltamethrin 4% with extended release

Question 21

what are some tick resistant breeds in cattle

Answer 21

King Ranch resistant cows, herfords, angus, and brahama are all resistant

Question 22

what are some types of insecticides

Answer 22

• sprays, dusts, and powders
• room foggers
• yard, graden and kennel sprays
• shampoos
• emulsifiable dip concentrates
• insect bates and traps
• feed through ration additives

Question 23

Otodectes FEM is treated with what

Answer 23

Mineral oil can smother the mites by not allowing them to breath
Topical and Systemics- Selamectin which is revolution and Imidicloprid (Advantage)

Question 24

topical OTC for ear mites

Answer 24

ear mite remedy by four paws, ear-rite insecticidal ear wash, aloe ear mite treatment and Dr. Dogs ear oil

Question 25

RX for ear mites

Answer 25

Acarexx- 0.01% Ivermectin and 1-2 treatments of 0.5mL
Otomite Plus
Revolution
Ivermectin
Ivomec(for large animal)
Iverhart plus

Question 26

what is Otodectes cynotis

Answer 26

ear mites are only one cause of otitis externa

Question 27

Mange mites

Answer 27

Demodex- it generalizes, doesn’t itch, can cause staff infection, live in hair follice
Sarcoptes- which are on the surface and having chewing, burrowing mouthparts, they cause damage by itching, most are species specific and you treat with Ivermectin

Question 28

can you use ivermectin in collie or sheltie breeds

Answer 28

yes only if you reduce the dose

Question 29

Ascariasis

Answer 29

they are in the GI tract

Question 30

Piperizine OTC

Answer 30

it is used for worm management

not broad spectrum and it is cheap and effective

Question 31

what do you use when you have different types of worms in one spectrum

Answer 31

you need to use combinations or use broad spectrum antibiotics

Question 32

Anthelmintics

Answer 32

used to treat nematodes
Benzimidazoles are the drug of choice and are broad spectrum
Tetrahydropyrimidines- also known as pyrantel and it works on ascarides and strongyles

Question 33

Antinematodals

Answer 33

it is Avermectin which is in Ivermectin and moxidectin which are broad spectrum for worms, grubs, bots, and mites
includes proheart 6

Question 34

a class of drugs that is in the group anthelmentics

Answer 34

Organophosphates which is not as commonly used in pet practice with horses
used more than anything in pigs

Question 35

what is the intermediate for Dipylidium caninum

Answer 35

this is a tapeworm and the flea is the intermediate

Question 36

Anthelmintics

Answer 36

they dissolve the scolex on the worm releasing it from being imbedded
These include Praziquantel which is droncit and combos
use esiprantel (cestex)

Question 37

what do trematodes cause in sheep and goats

Answer 37

they cause liver failure and their intermediate host is a snail

Question 38

what drugs are used as antitrematodals

Answer 38

Albendazole- you give as a drench

Praziquantel, clorsulon (drench) and ivomecPLUS

Question 39

what can you use to treat Giardia

Answer 39

Metronidazol (flagyl)

Albendazole (Valbazen)

Question 40

Treat Coccidia

Answer 40

Sulfadimethoxine (Albon)

Ponazuril (Marquis)

Question 41

Treat Sarcocystis neurona (EPM)

Answer 41

Ponazuril

Question 42

how do you treat Babesia (Ehrlichiosis)

Answer 42

Imidocarb (Imizole)

Question 43

what is heartworm adulticide

Answer 43

Melarsomine which is immiticide