Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is motivation?
- The desire to accomplish a task
- A person’s behavior that involves level of effort and persistence
What is an outcome?
Anything a person gets from a job or an organization
- pay, job security, benefits, vacation time, etc
What is an input?
Anything a person contributes to his or her job
- Time, effort, skills, knowledge
What is the expectancy theory?
Theory that states motivation will be high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance
- (and high performance leads to attainment of goals)
What is the need theory?
- Focuses on what needs people are trying to satisfy at work and what outcomes will satisfy those needs
What are Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- an arrangement of 5 basic needs that motivate behavior
physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization
Herzberg’s theory?
- The need for both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and how it is associated with job satisfaction
Distinguishes between motivator needs and hygiene needs
What are McClelland’s Needs?
- Need for Achievement
- Need for Affiliation
- Need for Power
What is equity theory?
A theory of motivation that focuses on people’s perceptions of the fairness of their work outcomes relative to their work inputs
When you have goals, it ______ performance.
increases
What are learning theories?
Theories that focus on increasing employee motivation and performance
- by linking the outcomes that employees receive to the to the performance of desired behaviors and the attainment of goals
What is operant conditioning?
immediate punishment or rewards based on behavior
- after a while, it becomes less effective
When expectancy theory is high…
- People perceive that if they try hard, they can perform at a high level
When Instrumentality is high…
People perceive that high performance leads to the receipt of certain outcomes
When valence is high…
People desire the outcomes that results from high performance
