Chapter 13

Question 1

the error that arises from the sampling procedure; it is directly affected by variability and indirectly affected by sample size

Answer 1

Standard error

Question 2

independent variables in an ANOVA that are measured as categories

Answer 2

Factors

Question 3

the increased error associated with conducting multiple comparisons in the same analysis; the 5% allowable error for each test is multiple by the number of comparisons, resulting in an inflated error rate

Answer 3

error of multiple comparisons

Question 4

a statistic derived from a sample that is used to represent a population parameter

Answer 4

point estimate

Question 5

statistical tests that are appropriate for data that are normally distributed (fall in a bell curve)

Answer 5

parametric tests

Question 6

statistical tests that make no assumptions about the distribution of the data

Answer 6

nonparametric tests

Question 7

the categories that make up factors in an ANOVA

Answer 7

levels

Question 8

the size of the differences between experimental and control groups; it supports clinical significance of the findings

Answer 8

magnitude of effect

Question 9

statistical tests that are able to yield reliable results even if their underlying assumptions are violated

Answer 9

robust tests

Question 10

analysis of a single variable in descriptive statistics or a single dependent variable in inferential analysis

Answer 10

univariate analysis

Question 11

the size of the differences between experimental and control groups compared to variability; an indication of the clinical importance of a finding

Answer 11

effect size

Question 12

analysis of two variables at a time, as in correlation studies

Answer 12

bivariate analysis

Question 13

statistical tests to determine if results found in a sample are representative of a larger population

Answer 13

inferential analysis

Question 14

a range of values that includes, with a specified level of confidence, the actual population parameter

Answer 14

confidence interval

Question 15

analysis of the effects of an independent variable on two or more dependent variables simultaneously

Answer 15

multivariate analysis

Question 16

what are the 2 categories of quantitative analysis

Answer 16

parametric and nonparametric

Question 17

what does it mean when the p value is very low

Answer 17

it means that the probability that the results are due to chance is very low, means the test has statistical significance

Question 18

when to use z test

Answer 18

with large samples or testing a population

Question 19

when to use t test

Answer 19

small samples 30 or less

Question 20

the chi square test

Answer 20

tests for differences in rates, proportions, or probabilities

Question 21

what chi test for a sample proportion and a known population proportion

Answer 21

chi square test of model fit

Question 22

what chi test for between two independent samples

Answer 22

chi square test of independence

Question 23

what chi test for between two variables in a single sample

Answer 23

chi square test of association

Question 24

analysis of variance

Answer 24

tests for differences in means in more than 2 groups

Question 25

single dependent variable

Answer 25

ANOVA

Question 26

single dependent variable w/ potential covariates

Answer 26

ANCOVA

Question 27

single dependent variable measured over more than 2 time periods

Answer 27

repeated measures ANOVA