Chapter 13

Question 1

A woman who is pregnant

Answer 1

gravida

Question 2

A woman who has had two or more pregnancies

Answer 2

multigravida

Question 3

a woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to 20 or more weeks of gestation

Answer 3

multipara

Question 4

a woman who has never been pregnant

Answer 4

nulligravida

Question 5

a woman who has not completed pregnancy with a fetus who have reached 20 weeks of gestation

Answer 5

nullipara

Question 6

the number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses have reached 20 weeks

Answer 6

parity

Question 7

pregnancy that goes beyond 42 weeks

Answer 7

postdate or postterm

Question 8

a pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks of gestation but ends before completion of 37 weeks of gestation

Answer 8

preterm

Question 9

a woman who is pregnant for the first time

Answer 9

primigavida

Question 10

a pregnancy from the completion of 37 weeks of gestation to the end of week 42 of gestation

Answer 10

term

Question 11

capacity to live outside the uterus

Answer 11

viability

Question 12

is the earliest biochemical marker for pregnancy, detected as early as 7-10 days after conception.

Answer 12

HcG

Question 13

higher than normal levels of Hcg can indicate?

Answer 13

abnormal gestation Ex. Down Syndrome

Question 14

pregnancy test for the beta subunit of Hcg in serum or urine sample use radioactive labeled marker in the lab. These test accurate with Low Hcg and can detect before the first menstrual period.

Answer 14

Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Question 15

is a serum test that measures the ability of a blood sample to inhibit the binding of radiolabeled hcg receptors. 90-95% accurate from 6 to 8 days after conception.

Answer 15

Radioreceptor assay (RRA)

Question 16

this testing is the most popular method of testing for pregnancy. It uses a specific monoclonal antibody (anti-hcg) with enzymes to bond with hcg in urine.

Answer 16

ELISA

Question 17

Those changes noticed by the woman (amenorrhea, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, breast changes)

Answer 17

presumptive signs

Question 18

Those changes observed by the examiner ( Hegar sign, ballottement, pregnancy test, goddell sign, chadwick sign, braxton hicks contractions)

Answer 18

Probable signs

Question 19

Those signs that are attributable only to the presence of the fetus (fetal heart tones, ultrasound, palpating fetal movements)

Answer 19

positive signs

Question 20

True or False: Lactation is inhibited until the estrogen level declines after birth.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

is a creamy white-to-yellowish premilk fluid that can be expressed from the nipples after birth.

Answer 21

colostrum

Question 22

As the uterine grows it may be palpated ______ some time between the 12th-14th weeks of pregnancy.

Answer 22

above the pubis symphysis

Question 23

The uterus rises gradually to the _____ at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation.

Answer 23

at the level of the umbilicus

Question 24

Between weeks 38 and 40 fundal height drops as the fetus begins to descend and engage in the pelvis.

Answer 24

called lightening

Question 25

At approximately 6 weeks of gestation, softening and compressibility of the lower uterine segment (uterine isthmus).Results in exaggerated uterine anteflexion= which the uterine fundus presses on the urinary bladder causing the woman to have urinary frequency.

Answer 25

Hegar Sign-softening of the uterine segment

Question 26

An important hormone in maintaining pregnancy is?

Answer 26

Progesterone by relaxing smooth muscles. This reduces uterine activity and prevents miscarriage.

Question 27

what hormone that stimulates uterine contractions?

Answer 27

Oxytocin

Question 28

Contractions that are irregular and painless, usually occurs intermittently throughout pregnancy. Facilitates uterine blood flow and promote oxygen delivery to the fetus.

Answer 28

Braxton Hicks

Question 29

sound made by blood in the uterine arteries that is synchronous with the maternal pulse.

Answer 29

Uterine souffle

Question 30

sound made by blood rushing through the umbilical vessels and synchronous with the fetal heart rate.

Answer 30

Funic souffle

Question 31

softening of the cervical tip

Answer 31

Goodell sign- brought by increased vascularity,

Question 32

The rate of blood flow through the uterus ranges from ____ ml/min at term and oxygen consumption of the gravid uterus increases to meet fetal needs.

Answer 32

450-650 ml/min

Question 33

excessive salivation

Answer 33

ptyalism- normal finding

Question 34

heartburn

Answer 34

pyrosis- normal finding

Question 35

true or false: decreased peristalsis is normal?

Answer 35

true

Question 36

where is the the appendix located?

Answer 36

displaced upward and laterally, high and to the right

Question 37

technique for palpating the fetus (bounce/rebound feel)

Answer 37

ballottement (18 weeks)

Question 38

Increased vascularity results in a violet-bluish vaginal mucosa and cervix

Answer 38

Chadwick sign (6th week)

Question 39

white or slightly gray mucoid discharge with a faint musty odor (vaginal discharge)due to stimulation of estrogen and progesterone.

Answer 39

Leukorrhea -normal

Question 40

mucous plug that acts as a barrier against bacterial invasion during pregnancy

Answer 40

operculum

Question 41

During pregnancy the pH of vaginal secretions is more ____ than normal ranging ~3.5 to 6 (normal 4-5)

Answer 41

Acidic- because of increased production of lactic acid, making the woman more vulnerable to yeast infections because the glycogen-rich environment is more susceptible to Candida albicans.

Question 42

called the mask of pregnancy

Answer 42

Chloasma- blotchy, brownish coloring over the woman's cheeks, nose, forehead (normal) due to hormonal change.

Question 43

pigmented line that runs vertically up the abdomen

Answer 43

linea niagra

Question 44

also known as stretch marks

Answer 44

striae gravidarum

Question 45

is signified by pinkish red blotches on the hands

Answer 45

palmar erythema

Question 46

hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands embedded in the primary areolae that is seen around the nipples, that have protective tole for lubricating the nipples for breastfeeding.

Answer 46

Montgomery tubercles

Question 47

numbness and tingling of the hands

Answer 47

acroesthesia- caused by the stoop shouldered stance

Question 48

nonfood cravings

Answer 48

pica