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ITM > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Acceptance testing?

A

Provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.

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2
Q

Agile development?

A

Rapid delivery of working software by breaking a large project into a series of small us projects that are completed in short periods of time using iteration and continuous feedback.

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3
Q

Application software package?

A

A set of prewritten, preceded application software programs that are commercially available for sale or for lease.

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4
Q

Automation?

A

Using the computer to speed up the performance of existing tasks.

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5
Q

Business process management?

A

An approach to business which aims to continuously improve and manage business processes.

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6
Q

Business process management?

A

Type of organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service.

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7
Q

Component-based development?

A

Building large software systems by combining pre-existing software components.

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8
Q

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)?

A

Automation of step-by-step methodologies for software and systems development to reduce the amounts of repetitive work the developer needs to do.

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9
Q

Conversion?

A

The process of changing from an old system to a new system.

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10
Q

Customization?

A

The modification of a software package to meet an organizations unique requirements without destroying the packaged software’s integrity.

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11
Q

Data flow diagram (DFD)?

A

Primary tool for structured analysis that graphically illustrates a system’s component process and the flow of data between them.

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12
Q

Direct cutover strategy?

A

A risky conversion approach where the new system completely replaces the old one at an appointed time.

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13
Q

Documentation?

A

Descriptions of how an information system works from a technical or end-user standpoint.

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14
Q

End-user development?

A

The development of information systems by end users with little or no formal assistance from technical specialists.

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15
Q

End-user interface?

A

The part of an information system through which the end user interacts with the system, such as online screens and commands.

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16
Q

Feasibility Study?

A

As part of the systems analysis process, the way to determine whether the solution is achievable given the organizations resources and constraints.

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17
Q

Fourth-generation languages?

A

A programming language that can be employed by end-users or less-skilled programmers to develop computer applications more rapidly than conventional programming languages.

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18
Q

Information requirements?

A

A detailed statement of the information needs that a new system must satisfy; identifies who needs what information, and when, where, and how the information is needed.

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19
Q

Iterative?

A

A process of repeating over and over again the steps to develop a system.

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20
Q

Joint application design (JAD) ?

A

Process to accelerate the generation of information requirements by having end users and information systems specialists work together in intense, interactive design sessions.

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21
Q

Maintenance?

A

Change in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a production systems to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiency.

22
Q

Object?

A

Software building block that combines data and the procedures acting on the data.

23
Q

Object-oriented development?

A

Approach to systems development that uses the object as the basic unit of systems analysis and design. The system is modelled as a collection of objects and the relationship between them.

24
Q

Offshore outsourcing ?

A

outsourcing systems development work or maintenance of existing systems to external vendors in another country.

25
Q

Paradigm shift ?

A

Radical reconceptualization of the nature if the business an the nature of the organization.

26
Q

Parallel strategy?

A

A safe and conservative conversion approach where both the old system and its potential replacement are run together for a time until everyone is assured that the new system functions correctly.

27
Q

Phased approach strategy?

A

Introduces the new system in stages either by functions or by organizational units.

28
Q

Pilot study strategy?

A

A strategy to introduce the new system to a limited area of the organization until it is proven to be fully functional; only then can the conversion to the new system across the entire organization take place.

29
Q

Post-implementation audit?

A

Formal review process conducted after a system has been placed in production to determine how we’ll the system has met it’s original objectives.

30
Q

Process specifications?

A

Describe the logic of the processes occurring within the lowest levels of a data flow diagram.

31
Q

Production?

A

The stage after the new system is installed and the conversion is complete; during this time, the system is reviewed by users and technical specialists to determine how well it has met it’s original goals.

32
Q

Programming?

A

The process of translating the system specifications prepared during the design stage into program code.

33
Q

Prototype?

A

The preliminary working version of an information system for demonstration and evaluation purposes.

34
Q

Prototyping?

A

The process of building an experimental system quickly and in expensively for demonstration and evaluation so that users can better determine information requirements.

35
Q

Query language?

A

Software tool that provides immediate online answers to requests for information that are not predefined.

36
Q

Rapid application development (RAD)?

A

Process for developing system in a very short time period by using prototyping, fourth-generation tools, and close teamwork among users and system specialists.

37
Q

Rationalization of procedures?

A

The streamlining of standard operating procedures eliminating obvious bottlenecks so that automation makes operating procedures more efficient.

38
Q

Request for proposal (RFP)?

A

A detailed list of questions submitted to vendors of software or other services to determine how well the vendor’s product can meet the organization’s specific requirements.

39
Q

Six sigma?

A

A specific measurement of quality, representing 3.4 defects per million opportunities; used to designate a set of methodologies and techniques for improving quality and reducing costs.

40
Q

Structure chart?

A

System development showing each level of design, the relationship among levels, and the overall place in the design structure; cab document one program, one system, or part of one program.

41
Q

Structured?

A

Refers to the fact that techniques are carefully drawn up, step by step, with each step building on a previous one.

42
Q

Systems analysis?

A

The analysis of a problem that the organization will try to solve with an information system.

43
Q

Systems design?

A

Details how a system will meet the information requirements as determined by the systems analysis.

44
Q

Systems development?

A

The activities that go into producing an information systems solution to an organizational problem or opportunity.

45
Q

Systems life cycle?

A

A traditional methodology for developing an information system that partitions the systems development process into formal stages that must be completed sequentially with a very formal division of labour between end users and information systems specialists.

46
Q

System testing?

A

Tests the functioning of the information system as a whole in order to determine if discrete modules will function together as planned.

47
Q

Test plan?

A

Prepared by the development team in conjunction with the users; it includes all of the preparations of the series of tests to be performed on the system.

48
Q

Testing?

A

The exhaustive and thorough process that determines whether the system produces the desired results under known conditions.

49
Q

Total quality management (TQM)?

A

A concept that makes quality control the responsibility of all the people in an organization.

50
Q

Unit testing?

A

The process if testing each program separately in the system. Sometimes called program testing.

ITM (13 decks)

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