Chapter 13 Flashcards
Which court case said that the courts must provide the “essentials of due process” in transferring juveniles to the adult system?
Kent v US
Which court case said the press may report juvenile court proceedings under certain circumstances?
Smith v Daily Mail Publishing Co.
Which court case said the defendant’s youthful age should be considered a mitigating factor in deciding whether to apply the death penalty?
Eddings v Oklahoma
Which court case said preventive “pretrial” detention of juveniles is allowable under certain circumstances?
Schall v Martin
Which of the following is a document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is a delinquent, a status offender, or a dependent and asking that the court assume jurisdiction over the juvenile or that an alleged delinquent be transferred to a criminal court for prosecution as an adult?
Juvenile petition
Which of the following is the first step in decision making regarding a juvenile whose behavior or alleged behavior is in violation of the law or could otherwise cause a juvenile court to assume jurisdiction?
Intake
Which of the following is held to determine if there is probable cause to believe that the juvenile committed the alleged act?
Preliminary hearing
Which of the following is the fact-finding process wherein the juvenile court determines whether there is sufficient evidence to sustain the allegations in a petition?
Adjudicatory hearing
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the juvenile court?
Right to trial by jury
Which of the following is an alternative approach to juvenile justice in which alleged offenders are judged and/or sentenced by a jury of their peers?
Teen court
Which of the following is the final stage in the processing of adjudicated juveniles in which a decision is made on the form of treatment or penalty that should be imposed on the child?
Dispositional hearing
Which of the following refers to the decision of a juvenile court, concluding a dispositional hearing, that an adjudicated juvenile be committed to a juvenile correctional facility?
Juvenile disposition
Which of the following is a type of law that makes it easier to transfer juvenile offenders from the juvenile justice system to the criminal justice system?
Transfer provisions
Which of the following is a type of law that gives criminal and juvenile courts expanded sentencing options in cases involving juveniles?
Sentencing authority
Which of the following refers to a juvenile court disposition that imposes both a juvenile sanction and an adult criminal sentence on an adjudicated delinquent?
Blended sentence
About 5.5 million juveniles are arrested annually in America.
False
Female delinquency has decreased substantially-by 76% in the past 10 years.
False
The juvenile justice system consists of agencies that function to investigate, supervise, adjudicate, care for, or confine youthful offenders and other children subject to the jurisdiction of the juvenile court.
True
A thermatic question is a common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody o a child when he or she becomes delinquent.
False
An 1823 report by the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism in the city of New York called for the development of “houses of refuge” to save children from lives of crime and poverty.
True
The 1838 case of In re Gault clarified the power that states had in committing children to institutions.
False
A juvenile court is any court that has jurisdiction over matters involving juveniles.
True
A delinquent child is said to be beyond parental control.
False
A dependent child typically has no parents or guardians to care for him or her.
True
A neglected child is one who suffers physical abuse at the hands of his or her custodians.
False
A status offender is a special category that embraces children who violate laws written only for them.
True
The US Supreme Court case that ended the hands-off era in juvenile justice was In re Gault.
False
In 1988, in the case of Thompson v Oklahoma, the US Supreme Court determined that national standards of decency did not permit the execution of any offender who was under age 16 at the time of the crime.
True
Most jurisdictions have statutes designed to extend the Miranda provisions to juveniles.
True
Intake is the fact-finding process wherein the juvenile court determines whether there is sufficient evidence to sustain the allegations in a petition.
False
The US Supreme Court decision in the case of McKeiver v Pennsylvania states that juveniles do not have a constitutional right to trial by jury.
True
Teen court is an alternative approach to juvenile justice in which alleged offenders are judged and/or sentenced by a jury of their peers.
True
Transfer provisions are laws that give criminal and juvenile courts expanded sentencing options.
False
Confidentiality changes are modifications to laws containing court confidentiality provisions in order to make juvenile records and proceedings more open.
True
Victims’ rights are new laws that increase the role of victims of juvenile crime in the juvenile justice process.
True
