CHAPTER 13

Question 1

The first stage in research and data analysis is to make it for the analysis so that the nominal data can
be converted into something meaningful.

Answer 1

preparing the data for analysis

Question 2

the data preparation consist of 3 phases

Answer 2

phase 1: data validation
phase 2: data editing
phase 3: data coding

Question 3

is done to understand if the collected data sample is per the pre-set standards, or it is a
biased data sample again divided into four different stages

Answer 3

data validation

Question 4

To ensure an actual human being records each response to the survey or the questionnaire

Answer 4

fraud

Question 5

To make sure each participant or respondent is selected or chosen in compliance with the
research criteria

Answer 5

screening

Question 6

To ensure that the respondent has answered all the questions in an online survey. Else,
the interviewer had asked all the questions devised in the questionnaire.

Answer 6

completeness

Question 7

is a process wherein the
researchers have to confirm that the provided data is free of such errors. They need to conduct
necessary checks and outlier checks to edit the raw edit and make it ready for analysis.

Answer 7

data editing

Question 8

Out of all three, this is the most critical phase of data preparation associated with grouping and
assigning values to the survey responses. If a survey is completed with a 1000 sample size, the
researcher will create an age bracket to distinguish the respondents based on their age.

Answer 8

data coding

Question 9

used to describe data. This method is used to describe the basic features of versatile types of data in research. It
presents the data in such a meaningful way that pattern in the data starts making sense

Answer 9

descriptive statistics

Question 10

helps in comparing the data. are used to make predictions about a larger population after research and
data analysis of the representing population’s collected sample.

Answer 10

inferential statistics

Question 11

are again based on
the hypothesis researchers have formulated so far.

Answer 11

conclusion

Question 12

It is used to denote home often a particular event occurs.
Researchers use it when they want to showcase how often a response is given.
(count percent frequency)

Answer 12

measures of frequency

Question 13

The method is widely used to demonstrate distribution by various points. Researchers use this method when they want to showcase the most commonly or averagely indicated response.
(mean median mode)

Answer 13

measures of central tendency

Question 14

[Range, Variance, Standard deviation]
Here the field equals high/low point

Answer 14

measures of dispersion or variation

Question 15

It is used to identify the spread of scores by stating intervals.
Researchers use this method to showcase data spread out. It helps them identify the depth until which
the data is spread out that it directly affects the mean.

Answer 15

Variance standard deviation = difference between the observed score and mean

Question 16

It relies on standardized scores helping researchers to identify the relationship between different scores. It is often used when researchers want to compare scores with the average count.

Answer 16

percentile ranks, quartile ranks

Question 17

Descriptive analysis is also called a ‘______’ since it is commonly used to
analyze a single variable.

Answer 17

univariate analysis

Question 18

what are the two significant areas of inferential analysis?

Answer 18

estimating parameters
hypothesis test

Question 19

It’s about sampling research data to answer the survey research questions. These are sophisticated analysis methods used to showcase the relationship between different variables instead of describing a single variable.

Answer 19

hypothesis test

Question 20

It is often used when researchers want something beyond
absolute numbers to understand the relationship between variables.

Answer 20

hypothesis test

Question 21

what are the commonly used methods for data analysis in research?

Answer 21

correlation
cross tabulation
regression analysis
frequency table
analysis for variance

Question 22

When researchers are not conducting experimental research wherein the
researchers are interested to understand the relationship between two or more variables

Answer 22

correlation

Question 23

Also called contingency tables, this is used to analyze the
relationship between multiple variables

Answer 23

cross tabulation

Question 24

helps for seamless data analysis
and research by showing the number of males and females in each age category.

Answer 24

two dimensional cross tabulation

Question 25

you have an essential factor called the dependent variable. You also have multiple independent variables in this analysis. You undertake efforts to find out the impact of independent variables on the dependent variable

Answer 25

regression analysis

Question 26

The statistical procedure is used for testing the degree to which two or more vary or differ in an experiment

Answer 26

frequency tables

Question 27

(TRUEoFALSE) The primary aim of data research and analysis is to derive ultimate insights that are biased.

Answer 27

false, unbiased

Question 28

(TRUEoFALSE) The motive behind data analysis in research is to present accurate and reliable data.

Answer 28

true

Question 29

(TRUEoFALSE) Irrelevant to the sophistication used in research data and analysis is enough to rectify the poorly defined objective outcome measurements.

Answer 29

true

Question 30

A good outline is: (enumeration)

Answer 30

overwiew of the problem your data and modeling approach the results of your data analysis your substantive conclusions

Question 31

Describe the problem. What substantive question are you trying to address? This needn’t be long, but it should be clear.

Answer 31

overview

Question 32

What data did you use to address the question, and how did you do it? When describing your approach, be specific

Answer 32

data and model

Question 33

include any figures and tables necessary to make your case

Answer 33

results

Question 34

What did you learn from the analysis? What is the answer, if any, to the question you set out tCOMMUNICATING RESEARCH RESULTS: REPORT GENERATION, ORAL PRESENTATION AND FOLLOW-UP

Answer 34

conclusion

Question 35

is the process by which one person or source sends a message to an audience or receiver and then receives feedback about the message

Answer 35

communication process

Question 35

what are the several elements influence successful communication

Answer 35

the communicator the message the medium the audience feedback

Question 36

source or sender of the message (the writer of the report)

Answer 36

the communicator

Question 37

receiver or destination of the message (the manager who will make a decision based—we hope—on the report findings)

Answer 37

the audience

Question 38

set of meanings being sent to or received by the audience (the findings of the research project)

Answer 38

the message

Question 39

way in which the message is delivered to the audience (the oral or written report itself

Answer 39

the medium

Question 40

a communication, also involving a message and channel, that flows in the reverse direction (from the audience to the original communicator) and that may be used to modify subsequent communications (the manager’s response to the report)

Answer 40

feedback

Question 41

To ensure ethical standards were maintained while collecting the data sample

Answer 41

procedure