Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is orthostatic hypotension?
Orthostatic hypotension is a sudden drop in blood pressure in the brain when a person stands up quickly from a sitting or supine position, causing the oxygen supply to the brain to decrease. This can make the person become dizzy and prone to falling.
Example sentence: Patients with orthostatic hypotension should be advised to stand up slowly to prevent dizziness.
What are the basic principles of proper lifting and transfer techniques?
The basic principles of proper lifting and transfer techniques include Body Mechanics, Base of Support, Center of Gravity, Mobility and Stability Muscles, and Principles of Lifting.
Example sentence: Nurses should always use proper lifting techniques to prevent back injuries.
What is the definition of Base of Support?
Base of Support is the foundation on which a body rests or stands; when people stand, their feet and the space between the feet define the base of support.
Example sentence: The nurse widened the patient’s base of support to improve stability during transfer.
What is the definition of Center of Gravity?
Center of Gravity is the hypothetical point around which all mass appears to be concentrated.
Example sentence: Understanding the center of gravity is essential for maintaining balance during patient transfers.
What are Mobility Muscles?
Mobility Muscles are muscles found in the four extremities and designed for movement. Examples include the biceps femoris, biceps brachii, and gastrocnemius. These muscles have long white tendons and are also called white muscles.
Example sentence: Strengthening mobility muscles can improve a patient’s ability to walk independently.
What are Stability Muscles?
Stability Muscles are muscles that support the torso and are designed to provide postural stability. Examples include the latissimus dorsi, abdominal group, and erector spinae. These muscles tend to have thick red muscle bellies and are also called red muscles.
Example sentence: Engaging stability muscles is important for maintaining good posture.
Biomechanics
A component of physics, the law of Newtonian mechanics, applied to living bodies at rest and in motion
GOOD BODY MECHANICS
•Use good posture.
•Always keep your body’s line of balance close to your center of gravity (below waistline).
•Hold object close to body.
•Bend your knees.
•Don’t twist your trunk.
•Push rather than pull.
Center of gravity Typically at level of
second sacral segment
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
•A sudden drop in blood pressure caused by a change in a patient’s body position.
Four types of wheelchair transfers
1.Standby assist
2.Assisted standing pivot
3.Two-person lift
4.Hydraulic lift
