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yr 2 science eye > chapter 13 > Flashcards

chapter 13 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

purpose of cell

A

energy source to rive electricity in the circuit

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2
Q

electric charge

A

carried by negatively charged electrons that move within the connecting wires

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3
Q

wires

A

allow electric charge to flow through the components

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4
Q

electrical device

A

energy is transferred from the cell to the device

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5
Q

electric current

A

rate at which electric charge flows

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6
Q

what causes electric current

A

movement of electrons in the electrical conductors

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7
Q

ammeter

A

measure current flowing through circuit, ampere (A)

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8
Q

how is ammeter connected

A

series
- - to - of cell
- + tp + of cell

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9
Q

potential difference: voltage

A

amount of energy needed to move a unit charge from one point in a circuit to another

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10
Q

how to measure pd/voltage

A

voltmeter:
volt (V)

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11
Q

how to connect voltmeter

A

parallel
- negative to negative
- positive to positive

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12
Q

electrical resistance,R

A

measure of how much eh component opposes the flow of electric current

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13
Q

electric insulator

A

reisistance is so high that current cannot flow through it

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13
Q

electric conductor

A

low resistance

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14
Q

SI unit of electrical resistance

A

ohm Ω

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15
Q

electrical conductors with low resistance

A

copper silver

16
Q

electrical conductors with higher resistance

A

tungsten nichrome
- convert electrical energy to other form of energy (light bulb light->heat)

17
Q

types of resistors

A
  • variable
  • non-variable
18
Q

variable resistor

A

range of electrical resistance that can be adjusted

19
Q

non-variable resistor

A

fixed, non-adjustable electrical resistance

20
Q

what happens when 2 resistors are added in series

A
  • reading on a meter decreases
  • bulb is less bright
  • decrease in current flowing through circuit, but overall resistance has increased
20
Q

variable resistor application

A

household appliances to control current in a circuit
- control dimness/brightness of light
- convert electrical energy to light/heat energy

21
Q

what happens when 2 resistors are added in

A
  • there is more than one path fro current to flow
  • ammeter reading increases, bulb becomes brighter
  • increase in current flowing through ciruit -> resistance decreased
22
Q

useful effects of electricity

A

chemical effect
heating effect

23
Q

chemical effect of electric current

A

when electric current in passed through certain chemical solutions/liquids, chemical change take place

24
Q

coating for medical instruments

A
  • repeated cleaning will increase rate of corrosion
  • electroplating these instrument with a layer of protective metal can minimise damage and lengthen their lifespan
  • can destroy harmful microorganisms
25
Q

coating for implants

A
  • electroplated
  • metal can cause allergic reactions and are more likely rejected by the body
  • coating metal with living tissue can reduce infection and rejection
26
Q

heating effect for electric current

A
  • some electric current converts to heat energy
  • wire made of a high resistance material, that can withstand high temperatures
27
Q

magnetic effect of an electric current

A
  • when no current, the needle points to north
  • when current flows, the needle deflects from the position
28
Q

electro magenet

A
  • increase: insert iron core inside the coil fo wire
29
Q

harmful effects of electricity

A

electrical fire
electric shock

30
Q

electric fire

A

electric circuit is damaged, or multiple plugs are inserted into the same socket
- a very large amount of current has to be drawn from the power supply
- excessive heat, cause wires to melt and fire

31
Q

electric shock

A

wires carrying electricity to electrical appliances are insulated with plastic/rubber
- protects used from electric chock
- when insulating material is worn out, wires are exposed, posing as a potential hazard
- water is an electrical conductor which allows current to flow through it

32
Q

safety devices

A

fuse
-circuit breaker

33
Q

fuse

A

fuse metal when excessive current higher than the fuse rating flows through it
- maximum amount of current that can flow through fuse before the wire inside melts

34
Q

1kw is

A

100w

34
Q

circuit breaker

A
  • when current flow is too large, switch linked to appliance trips and cuts off current, preventing electric chocks
35
Q
A
36
Q
A

yr 2 science eye (12 decks)

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