Chapter 13

Question 1

chromosomal theory of inheritance

Answer 1

identified chromosomes responsible for genetic inheritance

Question 2

Elenor carothers

Answer 2

first woman to discover independent chromosome assortment in grasshoppers

Question 3

thomas morgan

Answer 3

discovered independent chromosome assortment in fruit flies

Question 4

linked genes

Answer 4

genes positioned closely together on the same chromosomes

Question 5

homologous recombination:

Answer 5

crossing over , rearrangement of chromosomes by genes

Question 6

inherited disorders

Answer 6

abnormal chromosomes disorders

Question 7

karyotype

Answer 7

shows number and appearance of chromosomes, length, and pattern, centromere region, checks for abnormalities

Question 8

autosomes

Answer 8

body chromosomes organized from largest to smallest

Question 9

down syndrome

Answer 9

extra chromosome 21 “trisomy 21”

Question 10

chromosome number disorder

Answer 10

duplicating, losing, changing number in complete sets of chromosomes

Question 11

nondisjunction

Answer 11

homologous chromosome pairs fail to seperate during meiosis and incomplete synapsis

Question 12

euploid

Answer 12

individual w/ appropriate number of chromosomes for their species

Question 13

aneuploid

Answer 13

error in chromosome number

Question 14

monosomy

Answer 14

losing chromosome

Question 15

trisomy

Answer 15

gain of chromosome

Question 16

polyploidy

Answer 16

individual w more than correct number of chromosome sets

Question 17

chromosome inversion

Answer 17

detached, 180 degree rotated chromosome , messes up crossing over, reinsertion

Question 18

pericentric

Answer 18

reinsertion including centromere

Question 19

paracentric

Answer 19

occur outside of centromere

Question 20

translocations

Answer 20

chromosomes segment dissociates and reattaches to diff non homologous chromosome