Chapter 12 the Cell Cycle Flashcards
Which of the following events does not occur during prophase of mitosis?
The mitotic spindle breaks down.
Which of the following statements describes a cell that undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis?
The cell contains more than one nucleus.
DNA replication occurs in __________.
the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells
In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle?
Cytokinesis
The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called __________.
chromatin
What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?
Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do.
During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is __________.
dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
During binary fission in a bacterium __________.
the origins of replication move apart
One event occurring during prophase is __________.
the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
Cytokinesis refers to __________.
division of the cytoplasm
The spread of cancer cells to other locations in the body is known as __________.
metastasis
Checkpoints in the cell cycle control system __________.
regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals
Which of the following events occurs during prometaphase of mitosis?
The nuclear envelope fragments.
A cell contains 40 chromatids at the beginning of mitosis. How many chromosomes will it contain at the completion of cytokinesis?
20
Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference(s) between mitosis and binary fission?
Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, whereas mitosis involves the division of multiple, replicated chromosomes.
Observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells __________.
do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition
Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell.
Which of the following structures is/are part of the mitotic spindle?
All of the listed responses are part of the mitotic spindle.
The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that __________.
are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)
Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
Chromatids are __________.
identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome
Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell.
Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis?
The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell.
How many chromatids does a human somatic cell contain after interphase and just prior to mitosis?
92
How does the process of mitosis differ between most eukaryotes and other eukaryotes such as diatoms and dinoflagellates?
The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates.
The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA together is called __________.
a centromere
You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that __________.
it had formed a cell plate
Which event or events occur during anaphase?
All of the listed responses are correct.
Which of the following events does not occur during interphase of the cell cycle?
Separation of the sister chromatids
DNA replication
S
Cell growth stops and the cell divides
M
A cell’s nondividing stage
G0
Cell growth and increase in energy production
G1
Cell growth and preparation for division
G2
Which of the following are reasons the cell cycle must be regulated?
To make sure daughter cells end up with the right number of chromosomes
To make sure cells only divide when conditions are favorable for growth and development of the organism
To allow cells to respond to cues from their internal state and from their environment
T/F Signals that regulate the cell cycle come from outside and inside the cell.
T
T/F Most cells that pass the G1 checkpoint ultimately complete the cell cycle.
T
T/F If a cell does not receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, the cell leaves the cell cycle and dies.
F
T/F Cells move freely through the cell cycle unless they receive a stop signal at a checkpoint when something is wrong.
F
T/F The M checkpoint occurs during prometaphase of mitosis to ensure that all chromosomes are attached to spindles by both kinetochores.
T
The M checkpoint is an example of a checkpoint that is internally controlled by the cell. What would be the potential consequence seen in daughter cells if the cell received a stop signal at this checkpoint but was able to continue to anaphase anyway?
At the completion of mitosis and cytokinesis, the daughter cells could have missing or extra chromosomes.
Which of the following statements are true of cytokinesis in plant cells? Select the two that apply.
Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus move along microtubules, coalesce at the plane of cell division, and form a cell plate.
The cell plate consists of the plasma membrane and cell wall that will eventually separate the two daughter cells.
What is the best description of the structure of a chromosome in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell?
One long DNA molecule, associated with many proteins.