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Science Sec 4 > Chapter 12 - Technical Engineering > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - Technical Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

What is a component?

A

Is a part that performs a mechanical function

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2
Q

What is linking?

A

The mechanical function performed by any component that connects different parts of a technical object

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of links? /4(8)

A

Direct/ Indirect

Rigid/ Flexible

Removable/ Non-removable

Complete/ Partial

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4
Q

What is a direct link?

A

When two parts hold together without a linking component

Ex. Tire and wheel of a bicycle

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5
Q

What is an indirect link?

A

When the parts REQUIRE a linking component to hold them together.

Ex. Door and hinge (need a screw)

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6
Q

What is a rigid link?

A

When the linking component or the surfaces of the linked parts can NOT be deformed

Ex. Knife blade and handle

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7
Q

What is a flexible link? /2

A

When the linking component or surfaces of the linked parts can be deformed.

Can be subject to constraints

Ex. Springs, rubber

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8
Q

What is a removable link? /2

A

Linked parts can be separated WITHOUT DAMAGE on either their surfaces or the link itself (if present)

Ex. Nails, screws, bolts (MUST BE PRESENT)

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9
Q

What is a non-removable link?

A

Separating the linked parts DAMAGES their surface or the link (if present)

Ex. Brick wall (cement and brick will break if taken apart)

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10
Q

What is a complete link?

A

Linked parts can NOT move independently of one another

Ex. Shovel

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11
Q

What is a partial link?

A

AT LEAST ONE part can move independently of the other parts

Ex. Wheel of a skateboard

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12
Q

What are the different types of constraints? /5

A 
Compression
Tension
Torsion
Deflection
Shearing
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13
Q

What is a constraint?

A

Describes the effect of external forces in a material

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14
Q

What kind of constraint is compression?

A

Subjected to forces that tend crush

Ex. Crushing a can

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15
Q

What kind of constraint is tension?

A

Subjected to forces that tend to stretch

Ex. Copper stretched into a wire

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16
Q

What kind of constraint is torsion?

A

Subjected to a force that tends to twist

Ex. Wringing a wet towel

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17
Q

What kind of constraint is deflection?

A

Subjected to forces that tend to bend

Ex. Clothes weighing a clothes line

18
Q

What kind of constraint is shearing?

A

Subjected to forces that tend to cut

Ex. Scissors cutting paper

19
Q

What is deformation?

A

Extended forces on materials and that have a tendency to deform them

20
Q

What are different types of deformation?

A

Elastic
Plastic
Fracture

21
Q

What kind of deformation is elastic? /2

A

Temporary change in shape or dimensions of the material

When the constraint applied is removed, the material returns to its original form

Ex. Spring, sponge

22
Q

What kind of deformation is plastic? /2

A

Permanent change in the shape or dimensions of the material

Even when the constraint is removed, the material stays deformed

Ex. Scrunching of paper

23
Q

What kind of deformation is fracture?

A

The constraint is so intense that the material BREAKS

Ex. Glass

24
Q

What is degradation of a material?

A

The decline in some of its properties due to the effects of the surrounding environment

25
Q

What is the protection of a material?

A

The application of procedures that prevent or delay it’s degradation

26
Q

What are mechanical properties of materials?

A

Describes how material reacts when subjected to constraints

27
Q

What are the different properties of materials? /7

A 
Hardness
Elasticity
Resilience
Stiffness
Toughness
Ductility
Malleability
28
Q

What kind of property is hardness? /3

A

Ability to resist indentation or abrasion (dents and scratches)

High: concrete, diamonds

Low: wax, play-doh

29
Q

What kind of property is elasticity? /3

A

Ability to return to its original shape after undergoing a constraint

High: skin, elastic, balloon

Low: most things that are not rubber (to an extent)

30
Q

What kind of property is resilience?

A

Ability to resist shocks without breaking

High: car bumper

Low: glass

31
Q

What kind of property is stiffness?

A

Ability to retain its shape when subject to constraints

32
Q

What kind of property is toughness?

A

Ability to absorb energy

Ex. Black panther‘s suit

33
Q

What kind of property is ductility? /4

A

Ability to be stretched without breaking

Shape materials

Manufacturing materials

Do not describe the function of metals

34
Q

What are other properties of metals? /6

A

Chemical neutrality

Resistance to corrosion

Electrical conductivity

Heat resistance

Thermal conductivity

Lightness

35
Q

What kind of property is chemical neutrality?

A

The material does NOT react with other substances

Ex. Science desks

36
Q

What kind of property is resistance to corrosion?

A

Ability to resist the effects of corrosive substances which cause the formation of rust

Ex. Hubcaps protect tires

37
Q

What kind of property is electrical conductivity?

A

Ability to carry an electric current

Ex. Metals, wires

38
Q

What kind of property is heat resistance?

A

Ability to resist heat

Ex. Ceramics

39
Q

What kind of property is thermal conductivity?

A

Ability to transmit false

40
Q

What kind of property is lightness?

A

Not heavy, nor dense

Science Sec 4 (10 decks)

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