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Chemistry > Chapter 12 - Redox reactions > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - Redox reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

define redox reaction

A

reaction where both oxidation and reduction takes place

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2
Q

define oxidising agent

A

assists other substances to oxidise

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3
Q

define reducing agent

A

assists other substances to reduce

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4
Q

table for OXIdation

A

OXYgen (+)
OXYdising agent (+)
hydrogen (-)
electrons (-)

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5
Q

common non redox reactions

A
  • neutralisation
  • decomposition
  • double displacement
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6
Q

common redox reactions

A
  • single displacement
  • combustion
  • synthesis
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7
Q

test for oxidising agent and observations

A

add aqueous potassium iodide
= potassium iodide turns from colourless to brown

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8
Q

test for reducing agent and observations

A

add acidified potassium manganate
= acidified potassium manganate turns from purple to colourless

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9
Q

examples of oxidising agents (4)

A
  • acidified potassium manganate
  • halogens
  • oxygen
  • acidified potassium dichromate
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10
Q

examples of reducing agents (5)

A
  • aqueous potassium iodide
  • carbon monoxide
  • carbon
  • group one metals and hydrogen - sulfur dioxide
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11
Q

examples of both oxidising and reducing agent

A

water and hydrogen peroxide

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12
Q

observation when oxidising agent is being reduced

A

acidified purple potassium manganate turns colourless

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13
Q

observation when reducing agent is being reduced

A

colourless potassium iodide turns brown

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14
Q

element / compound rule for oxidation

A

0

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15
Q

ion rule for oxidation

A

see charge of ion

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16
Q

hydrogen rule for oxidation

A

+1

17
Q

oxygen rule for oxidation

A

-2

18
Q

transition metal rule for oxidation

A

see roman letter

19
Q

group 1 elements rule for oxidation

A

+1

20
Q

group 2 elements rule for oxidation

A

+2

21
Q

group 3 elements rule for oxidation

A

+3

22
Q

rules in calculating oxidation state

A

the total has to be zero and individual elements can be solved with the rules

23
Q

4 types of doing redox reactions

A
  • oxygen transfer
  • hydrogen transfer
  • electrons transfer
  • oxidation state
24
Q

explanation for oxidation in oxygen transfer

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O

A

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O
= hydrogen has become oxidised
= it gained oxygen to become water
= copper (ll) oxide is the oxidising agent

25
Q

explanation for oxidation hydrogen transfer

2HCl + F2 = 2HF + Cl2

A

2HCl + F2 = 2HF + Cl2
= hydrochloric acid has become oxidised
= it lost hydrogen to become chlorine gas
= fluorine is the oxidising agent

26
Q

explanation for oxidation electrons transfer

Zn + Cu2+ = Zn2+ + Cu

A

Zn + Cu2+ = Zn2+ + Cu
= zinc metal has been oxidised
= it lost two electrons to become Zinc ion
= copper ion is the oxidising agent

27
Q

explanation for oxidation oxidation state

K + NaCl = KCl + Na

A

K + NaCl = KCl + Na
= potassium has been oxidised
= its oxidation state increased from o in K to +1 in KCl
= sodium chloride is the oxidising agent

28
Q

explanation for reduction in oxygen transfer

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O

A

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O
= copper (ll) oxide has been reduced
= it lost oxygen to become copper metal
= hydrogen is the reducing agent

29
Q

explanation for reduction hydrogen transfer

2HCl + F2 = 2HF + Cl2

A

2HCl + F2 = 2HF + Cl2
= fluorine has been reduced
= it gained hydrogen to become hydrogen fluoride
= hydrochloric acid is the reducing agent

30
Q

explanation for reduction electrons transfer

Zn + Cu2+ = Zn2+ + Cu

A

Zn + Cu2+ = Zn2+ + Cu
= copper ion has been reduced
= it gained 2 electrons to become copper metal
= Zn is the reducing agent

31
Q

explanation for reduction oxidation

K + NaCl = KCl + Na

A

K + NaCl = KCl + Na
= Sodium chloride is being reduced
= its Oxidising agent decreased from +1 in NaCl to 0 in Na
= potassium is the reducing agent

32
Q

theory : how to test for reducing agent like SO2

A

use acidifies potassium manganate (Vll), place on a filter paper and if gas evolved turns purple potassium manganate (Vll) colourless, gas is sulfur dioxide

33
Q

theory : how do you test for oxidising agent like F2

A

use aqueous potassium iodide and bubble gas evolved through KI if it turns colourless potassium iodide brown, the gas is a halogen

34
Q

theory : explain how potassium iodide can be used to test for an oxidising agent

A

When colourless aqueous potassium iodide is added to added to an oxidising agent, it turns brown due to iodine solution produced

Chemistry (19 decks)

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