Chapter 12 - Promote Fetal & Maternal Health

Question 1

What are the four 2020 Health Goals related to a Healthy Lifestyle During Pregnancy?

Answer 1

1. ) Receive early and adequate prenatal care.
2. ) Abstain from illicit drugs during pregnancy.
3. ) Abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.
4. ) Abstain from cigarette smoking during pregnancy.

Question 2

Know the FDA Pregnancy Risk Categories of drugs.

Answer 2

A = No risk
B = No risk
C = Some risk
D = Risk
X = Huge risk

Question 3

What are six discomforts throughout pregnancy?

Answer 3

Ptyalism (hypersalivation)
Nasal congestion
Back pain
Leukorrhea (white/yellow discharge)
Constipation
Insomnia

Question 4

What are common discomforts during the 1st Trimester?

Answer 4

Nausea
Vomiting
Fatigue
Urinary frequency 
Nocturia

Question 5

What are common discomforts in the 2nd Trimester?

Answer 5

Dyspepsia (heartburn)
Gum hyperplasia (swelling) and bleeding
Dependent edema
Leg varicosities
Hyperventilation and shortness of breath
Numbness in fingers
Supine hypotension syndrome

Question 6

What are common discomforts in the 3rd Trimester?

Answer 6

Fatigue 
Urinary frequency
Dyspepsia (heartburn)
Flatulence 
Gum swelling and bleeding
Leg cramps
Edema
Leg varicosities 
Dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
Nocturia
Round ligament pain
Supine hypotensive syndrome

Question 7

What are maternal complications that appear in the 2nd Trimester?

Answer 7

Pre-eclampsia
Premature rupture of the membranes
Preterm labor

Question 8

What are maternal complications that appear in the 3rd Trimester?

Answer 8

Gestational diabetes
Placenta previa
Abruptio placentae

Question 9

What are fetal complications that can appear in the 2nd Trimester?

Answer 9

Decreased fundal height

Absence of fetal movement after quickening

Question 10

What fetal complication can appear in the 3rd Trimester?

Answer 10

Hypoxia

Question 11

What is included in a Birth Plan?

Answer 11

Written information that identifies labor and birth preferences - the choices
Chosen provider
Chosen location

Question 12

What is Sims position?

Answer 12

Laying on your left side with the top leg forward.

Question 13

Why is the Sims position beneficial during pregnancy?

Answer 13

Puts the weight of the fetus on the bed, rather than the woman, and allows good circulation to the lower extremities.

Question 14

What can result from a woman resting flat on her back?

Answer 14

Supine hypotension syndrome (faintness, diaphoresis, and hypotension from the pressure on the expanding uterus on the inferior vena cava impairing the blood return to the heart).

Question 15

What causes a pregnant woman to experience muscle cramps during pregnancy?

Answer 15

Decreased serum calcium levels
Increased serum phosphorus levels
Inference with circulation

Question 16

Why do women develop varicosities (development of tortuous leg veins) during pregnancy?

Answer 16

Because the weight of the distended uterus puts pressure on the veins returning blood from the lower extremities, causing blood to pool and vessel distention.

The veins become enlarged, inflamed and painful.

Usually occurs in the lower extremities or vulva.

Question 17

What causes hemorrhoids during pregnancy? How can they be prevented?

Answer 17

(Varicosities of the rectal veins) occur because of pressure on these veins from the bulk of the growing uterus.

Prevention: daily bowel evacuation, drinking adequate fluids, eating adequate fiber and resting in a modified Sims position.

Question 18

What is leukorrhea and what is it caused from?

Answer 18

White viscous vaginal discharge or an increased amount of normal vaginal secretions.

Occurs in response to high estrogen levels and increased blood supply to the vaginal epithelium and cervix during pregnancy.

Question 19

Teratogenic maternal infections: What does TORCH stand for?

Answer 19

T - Toxoplasmosis 
O - Other infections
R - Rubella
C - Cytomegalovirus 
H - Herpes Simplex