Chapter 12: Nervous System III

Question 1

general sense

Answer 1

Involves
receptors widely distributed
throughout the body.

Question 2

special sense

Answer 2

Sense that stems from receptors.

Question 3

sensation

Answer 3

A feeling resulting from the brain’s interpretation of sensory nerve impulses.

Question 4

perception

Answer 4

Mental awareness of sensory stimulation.

Question 5

chemoreceptor

Answer 5

Receptor stimulated by the binding

of certain chemicals.

Question 6

pain receptor

Answer 6

Sensory
nerve ending that transmits impulses
interpreted as pain.

Question 7

thermoreceptor

Answer 7

Sensory receptor sensitive to
temperature changes; heat and cold
receptors.

Question 8

mechanoreceptor

Answer 8

Sensory receptor sensitive
to mechanical stimulation, such as
changes in pressure or tension.

Question 9

proprioceptor

Answer 9

Nerve
ending that senses changes in
muscle or tendon tension.

Question 10

baroreceptor

Answer 10

Sensory
receptor in the blood vessel wall
stimulated by changes in pressure
(pressoreceptor).

Question 11

stretch receptor

Answer 11

Sensory nerve ending that responds

to tension.

Question 12

photoreceptor

Answer 12

Nerve

ending sensitive to light energy.

Question 13

projection

Answer 13

Process by
which the brain causes a sensation
to seem to come from the region of
the body being stimulated.

Question 14

sensory adaptation

Answer 14

Sensory receptors
becoming unresponsive or inhibition
along the CNS pathways leading
to sensory regions of the cerebral
cortex after constant repeated
stimulation.

Question 15

exteroreceptive sense

Answer 15

Associated with

changes at the body surface.

Question 16

visceroreceptive sense

Answer 16

Detecting changes in the

viscera.

Question 17

tactile corpuscle

Answer 17

Sensory receptor close to the surface
of the skin that is sensitive to light
touch; Meissner’s corpuscle.

Question 18

lamellated corpuscle

Answer 18

Nerve endings deep in
the dermis providing perception of
pressure; Pacinian corpuscle.

Question 19

referred pain

Answer 19

Pain that
feels as if it is originating from a part
other than the site being stimulated.

Question 20

muscle spindle

Answer 20

Modified skeletal muscle fiber that
can respond to changes in muscle
length.

Question 21

stretch reflex

Answer 21

Muscle contraction in response to stretching

the muscle.

Question 22

Golgi tendon organ

Answer 22

Sensory receptors in tendons
close to muscle attachments that
are involved in reflexes that help
maintain posture.

Question 23

taste bud

Answer 23

Organ containing
receptors associated with the sense
of taste.

Question 24

static equilibrium

Answer 24

Maintenance of balance when

the head and body are motionless.

Question 25

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 25

Maintenance of balance
when the head and body are
suddenly moved or rotated.

Question 26

rod

Answer 26

Type of light receptor that provides colorless vision.

Question 27

cone

Answer 27

Color receptor in the retina of the eye.

Question 28

rhodopsin

Answer 28

Light-sensitive pigment in the rods of the retina;

visual purple.

Question 29

refraction

Answer 29

Bending of light as it passes between media of different densities.

Question 30

accommodation (ref. eyes)

Answer 30

Adjustment of the lens of the eye for close or

distant vision.