chapter 12 - managing innovation and change Flashcards
organizational culture is:
A system of shared values norms and beliefs held by organization members that determines in a large degree how employees act
organizational change is:
Any alteration of people, structure or technology
2 views of the change process
Calm waters metaphor
white water rapids metaphor
calm waters metaphor is:
organization is like a large ship crossing calm waters
white water rapids metaphor is:
change is consistent and managers are never getting out of the rapids
successful change can be planned and requires:
unfreezing the status quo
Changing to a new state
refreezing to make the change permanent
forces of change:
External
Internal
Some external forces of change are:
marketplace goverment laws and regulations technology labour market Economic changes
some internal forces for change are:
changes in strategy
changes in workforces
new equiptment
changes in employee attitudes
what are the types of change?
structure
technology
people
techniques for implementing change:
Focus on making the organization ready for change
understand the role they play in the change process
encourage employees to be change agents
Why do employees resist change?
uncertainty habit concern over personal loss team dynamics belief the change is not in the organizations best interest
techniques for reducing resistance to change:
Communicate why Provide support to reduce stress of employees Get input and involve employees choose timing of change carefully provide training and support listen openly to concerns be positive
what causes stress?
task demands role demands interpersonal demands organizational structure organizational leadership
how can stress be reduced?
employee assistance programs
wellness programs
