Chapter 12 Key Concepts Flashcards
What are 2 ways to define evolution?
- Descent with modification
- A change in allele freq./genetic change in a population over multiple generations
Why can’t evolution act on individuals?
Evolution is the change of allele freq. –> allele freq. is only present in populations
What were the works of Georges-Louis Buffon?
First to imply closely related species arose from a common ancestor
What were the works of James Hutton?
Proposed the theory of uniformitarianism
What were the works of Georges Cuvier?
Proposed castrophism and principle of superposition
What were the works of Charles Lyell
Renewed and popularized uniformitarism
Jean Baptise de Lamark
Proposed the 1st scientifically testable evolutionary table
Organisms that use one type of the body strengthen it while dissuse weakens it
What did Darwin observe that led him to develop ideas of origin species?
HMS Beagle
How does epigenetics relate to evolution?
Epigenetics explains how cells turn their genes one and off
What is the role of genetic variation in natural selection?
Genetic variation is the raw material that natural selection acts on
Why doesn’t natural selection produce perfectly adapted organisms?
- Evolution is based on population’s gene pool
- Genetic drifts
What are the 5 conditions required for Hardy-Wienberg equilibrium?
- Natural selection does not occur
- Mutations do not occur
- Genetic drift
- Random mating
- No migration in/out population
Why is the concept of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium important?
Provides a baseline for measuring whether evolution has occurred within a population
p^2
Frequency of DD genotype
q^2
Frequency of DD genotype
