Chapter 12: Introduction To Strategic Leadership Flashcards
Ability of an experienced, senior leader who has wisdom and vision to create and execute plans and make consequential decisions in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous strategic environment
Strategic leadership
- National Security Environment
- Domestic Environment
- International Environment
- Military Environment
The 4 components of the strategic leadership environment
National interests, priorities, risks and threats, assumptions, National objectives, power and influence ( political economic military), opportunities
Factors that belong to the National Security environment
Congress, media, politics, domestic support, costs and risks, budget and resources, environment
Factors that belong to the Domestic Environment
Coalitions, allies and alliances, diplomacy and democracy, resources, threats to the balance of power, United Nations NGOs
Factors that belong to the International Environment
The strategic concept (ways), capabilities (means), military objectives (ends), policy guidance, end state results, vulnerabilities, risks and threats
Factors that belong to the Military Environment
Four characteristics of ____ decisions:
1. Planned
2. Long-term
3. Costly
4. Profound
Consequential
- Volatility
- Uncertainty
- Complexity
- Ambiguity
Four challenges of strategic leadership
Competencies:
Vision; critical thinking; creativity; negotiation; teacher and mentor; & anticipating, leading, and fostering a mindset of change
Competencies that are essential for leaders who wish to develop strategic leadership skills
- security of the US, its citizens, and US allies & partners
- a strong, innovative, and growing US economy in an open international economic system that promotes opportunity and prosperity
- respect for universal values at home & around the world
- an international order advanced by US leadership that promotes peace, security, and opportunity through stronger cooperation to meet global challenges
The enduring American interests as outlined in the Obama administration’s National Security Strategy
GOALS
- make diplomats the first line of engagement
- diplomats, development experts, and others in the US government working side by side to support a common agenda
- convene, connect, and mobilize other governments and international organizations and other non-state actors
The goals related to Diplomacy in the Obama administration’s National Security Strategy
GOALS
- aligning actions with words through culture of communication throughout the government
- more effective in our deliberate communication
- better understanding the attitudes, opinions, grievances, and concerns of people around the world
- convey credible, consistent messages and better understanding how our actions will be perceived
- use a broad range of methods for communicating with foreign publics, including new media
Goals related to Strategic Communications in the Obama administration’s National Security Strategy
- IDENTIFY a system
- EXPLAIN the behavior or properties of the whole system
- EXPLAIN the behavior or properties of the thing to be explained in terms of the role(s) or function(s) of the whole
The three steps in the systems thinking approach
- Busyness
- Excessive focus on short-term gains
- senior leaders over-scheduled and uneducated in systems thinking
- the culture of instant communication
Barriers to our ability to use systems thinking
A framework that guides those choices that determine the nature and direction of an organization
Strategy
Clear Stategy + Effective Ops
= past success & future success
Clear Strategy + Ineffective Ops
= short-term success, doubtful future
Unclear Stategy + Effective Ops
= past success, doubtful future
Unclear Strategy + Inneffective Ops
= past failure, future failure
The relationship between strategy and operations: what / how
Identify reasons why long-range planning impedes strategic thinking
Since strategy provides the framework of what the organization wants to be at some future point in time, it must proceed and provide the basis for operational planning
(most long-range planning and all short-term planning are operational; they define the “how”)
ADVANTAGES
- makes strategic considerations usable
- simplifies the long-range planning process
- diminishes any controversy over the merits of “top down” vs “bottom up” planning
The advantages of separating strategic thinking from long-range planning
The strategic area that is the primary determinant of the organization’s products and markets
Driving force
- how to RECRUIT & RETAIN users
- what CONTRIBUTIONS users can make
- how to COMBINE user contributions
- how to EVALUATE users & contributions
Four challenges that a crowdsourcing system must address
- Nature of collaboration
- Type of target problem
- How to recruit and retain users
- What users can do
- How to combine their inputs
- How to evaluate inputs
- Degree of manual effort
- Roll of human users
- Standalone versus piggyback
The dimensions used to classify crowdsourcing systems
- Slaves
- Perspective Providers
- Content Providers
- Component Providers
The roles that humans can play in a crowdsourcing system
Humans help solve the problem and a divide-and-conquer fashion, to minimize the resources
Slaves
Humans contribute different perspectives, which one combined often produce a better solution
Perspective providers
Humans contribute self-generated content
Content providers
Humans function as components in the target artifact, or simply just a community of users
Component providers
Wikipedia, Linux, YouTube, Flickr, etc
Common crowdsourcing systems found on the web
Recruiting
1. REQUIRE users to make contributions
2. PAY users
3. Ask for VOLUNTEERS
4. Make USERS PAY for service
5. PIGGYBACK on the user traces of a well-established system
Strategies that crowdsourcing systems can use to recruit users
Encouragement & Retention
1. Instant gratification
2. Enjoyable experience for a necessary service
3. Establish, measure, and show fame/trust/reputation
4. Competitions (show top-rated users)
5. Ownership situations
Strategies that crowdsourcing systems can use to retain users
