Chapter 12: hair, skin, nails Flashcards
Cherry angiomas
red dots on skin that appear in all adults older then 30
Mongolian spot
common variation of hyperpigmention in black, Asian, American indian, and Hispanic newborns
café au lait spot
large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation, present at birth (amy adams arm)
acrocyanosis
infant having blueish color around lips, hands, feet, toenails
cutis marmorata
infant transient mottling in the trunk and extremitis in response to cooler room temperatures
Erythema toxicum
common rash that occurs within first 3-4 days of life. “flea bite rash”
carotenemia
yellow orange color on skin but not in sclera or mucas membranes, comes from eating too many carrots
milia
tiny white papils on checks or forehead of infant (don’t pop or pick)
storkbite
infant: flat irregular shaped red or pink patch on face. fades within first year
infant hair
fine downy, could lose hair after first week but will grow back
seborrheic dermatitis
cradle cap, dry crusted scalp of infant
striae
stretch marks in pregnant women
linea nigra
dark brownish line down midline of pregnant women
chaloasma
irregular brown patch of hyperpigmentation on face in pregnant women
senile lentigines
“liver spots” in aging adults small, flat, brown, modules
keratoses
lesions that are raised and thickened of pigmentation, look crusty,scaley or warty in aging adult
actinic keratosis
red-tan lesions that increase over the years, directly related to sun exposure
xerosis
dry skin
acrochordons
“skin tags” overgrowths of skin that form a stalk and are polyp-like. occurs in aging adults
sebaceous hyperplasia
raised yellow papules with a central depression. aging adult
vitiligo
patchy depigmentation from destruction of melanocytes, milky white spots
polycythemia
(increased red blood cells) ruddy blue in face, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, hands and feet
addisons disease
increased melanin production, bronzed appearance
annular
circular, begins in center and spreads outward
confluent
the lesions run together
discrete
distinct , individual lesions that remain seperate
gyrate
twisted, colied, spiral, snake like
grouped
clusters of lesions
linear
scratch, streak, line
target (also know as “iris”)
concentric rings of color in the lesions
zosteriform
linear arrangement along a unilateral nerve route
polcyclic
annual lesions that grow together
purpura
bruised looking spots, little old lady hands, always looks bruised
melanomas
asymmetric, irregular borders, change color, diameter, or elevation
hair assesment
hair color, (grey is genetic), texture (curly, fine, straight?)
hirsutism
body hair
nail assessment
look for clubbing (supposed to have diamond shape when nails pressed together), color is appropriate for ethnicity, nail is smooth
verticle ridges in nails
associated with aging, kidney disease, and iron deficiency and anemia
beau’s line
caused by server interruption of nail growth, depression across nail that extends down the nail bed
pitting with psoriasis
crumbling of nails with distal detachment
spoon shaped nail
caused by iron deficiency anemia
onycholysis
fungal infection of toenail and finger nails, change in color of nail
