Chapter 12: Genetics and Evolution

Question 1

what are the 2 types of probability events?

Answer 1

independent
mutually exclusive

Question 2

independent event

Answer 2

occurrence is not dependent on any other event

ex. the first coin flip is independent of the next

Question 3

mutually exclusice event

Answer 3

when the event depends on the outcome of another event
ex. if you remove a card out of a deck, each subsequent pull will be affeced by th previous events

Question 4

if we flip a coin 5 times, each coin flip is a(n) […] event

Answer 4

independent

Question 5

to determine the probability of a given sequence of independent events, we […] the probability of each individual event

Answer 5

multiply

Question 6

to determine the probability of a given sequence of mutually exclusive events, we […] the probability of each individual event

Answer 6

add

Question 7

if we want to determine the probability of a couple having 3 boys we would…

Answer 7

multiple (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2)
there is a 1/2 chance each time

independent events

Question 8

the word “and” signals us to use […]

Answer 8

multiplication

Question 9

the word “or” signals us to use […]

Answer 9

addition

Question 10

how do we calculate the odds of rolling a 2 or a 5 on a six-sided dice

Answer 10

(1/6) + (1/6)

mutually exclusive

Question 11

how do we calculate the odds of picking a 5 or a heart out of a deck of cards?

Answer 11

(4/52) + (12/52)

there are 13 hearts but we don’t include the heart that would be a 5

Question 12

a child can have either black, brown, blonde, or red hair. what are the odds that a couple will have a child with black or red hair?

Answer 12

(1/4) + (1/4) = (2/4) = (1/2)

Question 13

a child can have either black, brown, blonde, or red hair. what are the odds that a couple will have one child with brown hair, and one child with blonde hair?

Answer 13

(1/4) x (1/4) = 1/16

independent events