Chapter 12 Fisheries Conservation

Question 1

Fish that begin their life in freshwater, travel to and mature in the sea, and return to their native stream to reproduce and die. i.e. pacific salmon.

Answer 1

Andronomous fish

Question 2

Captured marine organisms that are not the target species. (Tuna fishers accidentally netting a dolphin)

Answer 2

Bycatch

Question 3

the bycatch that are thrown back for non target fish, endangered, juvenile, wrong size, inferior quality, or surplus to quotas

Answer 3

Discards

Question 4

live their entire life in freshwater sometimes confined to a lake tributary or stream

Answer 4

resident fish

Question 5

temperature 
water depth and velocity
turbidity
dissolved oxygen
salinity
substrate
cover
food

Answer 5

habitat requirements for fish

Question 6

cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye,

Answer 6

turbidity

Question 7

the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached.

Answer 7

substrate

Question 8

storms
soil mass
animal activities
natural barriers
vegetation 
predation
winterkill

Answer 8

natural limitations for fish

Question 9

pollution
temperature
predation
dams
resource extraction
channelization

Answer 9

human interference for fish

Question 10

fishery technique where gears are left in place for a period before retrieval. They may either attract fish using bait, or may passively wait for a fish to swim into a net or trap. Gill nets, longlines, traps and pots.

Answer 10

passive fisheries

Question 11

fishery technique where mobile gears are moved in order to catch fish by trapping or encirclement.
These gears can be divided into those which are towed along the seabed

Answer 11

active fisheries

Question 12

is the amount of fish harvested that: (a) will provide the greatest overall benefit to the national economy, particularly with respect to … (b) is prescribed as such on the basis of the maximum sustainable yield from the fishery

Answer 12

optimum yield

Question 13

to fish (an area) excessively; to exhaust the supply of usable fish in (certain waters

Answer 13

overfishing

Question 14

captive breeding
stocking
translocation
removal
oxygen control
catch and release
seasons
limits

Answer 14

inland fisheries sustainability

Question 15

harvest taxes
quota system
marine protection areas
aquaculture

Answer 15

ocean fishing sustainability

Question 16

the cultivation of aquatic animals and plants, especially fish, shellfish, and seaweed, in natural or controlled marine or freshwater environments; underwater agriculture.

Answer 16

aquaculture