Chapter 11 Water Pollution

Question 1

What is point source?

Answer 1

“any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged, such as a pipe, ditch, ship or factory smokestack” Factories and sewage treatment plants are two common types of point sources.

Question 2

What is a non-point source?

Answer 2

comes from areas such as farmlands where chemical are used, drain into ground or surface water, other sources are pastures, barnyards, construction sites, homes, streets, lawns.

Question 3

the increase in concentration of a chemical substance in a food web as it passes from lower levels to highest levels.

Answer 3

Biomagnification

Question 4

Point Source
Easier to identify
Nonpoint Source
Growing threat

Answer 4

Source type

Question 5

Sediment
Inorganic nutrients
Thermal pollution
Disease-producing organisms
Toxic organic chemicals
Heavy metals
Oxygen-demanding organic wastes

Answer 5

Chemical Pollution

Question 6

Construction 
Agriculture
Impacts
Blocks light
Buries nooks & shelters
Scours organisms
Interferes with navigation
Damages hydro dams

Answer 6

Sediment

Question 7

Nitrates and phosphates
Accelerated eutrophication
Causes
    Agriculture
    Domestic sewage
Groundwater impact

Answer 7

Inorganic Nutrients

Question 8

Source 
    Industrial cooling
Impacts
    Reproduction
    Disease
    Direct Mortality
    Destructive Organisms
Benefits

Answer 8

Thermal Pollution

Question 9

Common microorganisms
    Coliform
    Fecal strep 
    Pfiesteria
Purification
Sewage treatment

Answer 9

Disease-Producing Organisms

Question 10

Persistent
BPA (plasticizer), DDT, PCB
Landfills
Septic tanks
Fuel storage tanks
Contaminated sites
    Superfund
Injection wells

Answer 10

Toxic Organic Compounds

Question 11

Sewage
Dredge spoils
Plastics
Oil Pollution

Answer 11

Pollution of Oceans

Question 12

the nutrient enrichment of aquatic ecosystems, occurs naturally as a lake or river ages over long periods

Answer 12

eutrophication

Question 13

characterized by moderate levels of nutrients, lakes good for fishing boating swimming

Answer 13

mesotrophic

Question 14

clear lake waters surrounded by pine snd spruce forest clear because of scarcity of suspended algae resulting from the low levels of nutrients

Answer 14

oligotrophic lake

Question 15

Established the basic structure for regulating pollutant discharges into the waters of the United States. Gave EPA the authority to implement pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry

Answer 15

water pollution control act 1972

Question 16

federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation’s surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas. Passed in 1972 and amended in 1977 and 1987, originally known as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Answer 16

Clean Water Act 1977

Question 17

was established to protect the quality of drinking water in the U.S. This law focuses on all waters actually or potentially designed for drinking use, whether from above ground or underground sources

Answer 17

Safe Drinking Water Act 1974

Question 18

types of sewage treatment and disposal

Answer 18

treatment plants
storm drains
septic tanks

Question 19

treatment plant that physically removes solids from the wastewater

Answer 19

primary treatment plant

Question 20

rely on aerobic bacteria to break down degradable organic materials- activated sludge process, trickling filter

Answer 20

secondary treatment plant

Question 21

most advanced form of water treatment designed to remove most of the remaining pollutants notably the nitrates and phopshates

Answer 21

tertiary treatment plant

Question 22

heavy metal pollutatnts

Answer 22

lead
mercury
cadmium

Question 23

pollutant that is broken down by the naturally occurring microorganisms that consume dissolved oxygen lowering the level of oxygen

Answer 23

oxygen demanding organic waste