Chapter 12 Flashcards
A new soil microorganism has been described. On some growth media, it forms colonies of unicellular organisms, but under certain conditions it forms long, multicellular filaments and spores. The cells have nuclei, and their cell walls are composed of chitin. To which of the following groups does this new organism belong? protozoa fungi archaea algae bacteria
fungi
Unicellular, nonfilamentous fungi are known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. yeasts mushrooms fleshy fungi molds algae
yeasts
Recently, a new parasitic helminth was described in a 3-year-old boy. The only unusual part of his history was that he played in a shed frequented by raccoons. To diagnose the child’s behavioral changes and loss of speech and motor skills, doctors did MRIs and CT scans. The data collected from these scans suggested the presence of larval helminths in his brain. Which of the following is the most likely scenario?
Raccoons are the definitive hosts, and humans are accidental intermediate hosts.
Raccoons are both the intermediate hosts and the definitive hosts.
Humans are both the intermediate and definitive hosts.
Raccoons are the intermediate hosts, and the definitive host is unknown.
Raccoons are the intermediate hosts, and humans are the definitive hosts
Raccoons are the definitive hosts, and humans are accidental intermediate hosts.
All of the following statements are true of the fungi EXCEPT that ________.
identification of fungi usually involves examination of spore types
they are capable of metabolizing complex carbohydrates found in newspaper and wood
diseases caused by fungi are called mycoses
they are strict aerobes
they can grow in high concentrations of sugars and salts
they are strict aerobes
Fungi are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. chemoautotrophs lithotrophs photoautotrophs chemoheterotrophs photoheterotrophs
chemoheterotrophs
Fungal spores \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. include only sexual spores are released from the "parent" only after the parent dies require moisture for survival are considered "reproductive" spores are identical to bacterial endospores
are considered “reproductive” spores
All of the following statements are true of yeasts EXCEPT that __________.
they always cause disease
some are used to produce ethanol in wine- and beer- making
they are capable of facultative anaerobic growth
they are unicellular and do not contain filaments
some reproduce by budding
they always cause disease
Four days after playing in the wading pool at a neighborhood park, several 3- and 4-year-old children experienced abdominal cramping and watery diarrhea. Upon microscopically examining the children's stools with an acid-fast stain, doctors found red, cyst-like structures about 10 microns in diameter. What is the most likely diagnosis? infection with E. coli O157:H7 infection with Giardia lamblia infection with Cryptosporidium spp. infection with Mycobacterium spp. infection with Ascaris lumbricoides
infection with Cryptosporidium spp.
Which of the following is NOT involved in the production of sexual spores in fungi? nuclear migration contact between two fungi meiosis nuclear fusion conjugation
conjugation
Which of these answers is true for trematodes? They have long, flat, segmented bodies. They often lack reproductive systems. They may have more than one intermediate host. They are classified in Phylum Nematoda. They live exclusively in the host's intestinal tract.
They may have more than one intermediate host.
Which structure is NOT found in cestodes? testes suckers a scolex proglottids endospores
endospores
A fungus that produces sporangiospores and zygospores and has hyphae without cross-walls would be classified in the category \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Ascomycota Deuteromycota Basidiomycota Anamorph Zygomycota
Zygomycota
Lichens __________.
are organisms made of two different prokaryotes
always contain a green alga
are organisms made of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner
are organisms made of two different fungi
are organisms made of yeast cells and anaerobic bacteria
are organisms made of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner
The only known host of a pork tapeworm is a/an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. human cow squirrel coyote fungus
human
You observe large ( >10 micrometer) oval cells in a sputum sample from a patient. Your culture of the sample reveals fuzzy filamentous colonies. You conclude that \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. the patient has an infection with unusual algae the patient has a protozoan infection you contaminated the sample the patient has an infection caused by a dimorphic fungus the patient has a yeast infection
the patient has an infection caused by a dimorphic fungus
A unicellular alga with cell walls containing pectin and silica is isolated from coastal waters. It is capable of photosynthesis and stores oil for energy. This alga is most likely a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. green alga dinoflagellate red alga brown alga diatom
diatom
Which of the following contains an INCORRECT match? fluke; incomplete digestive system roundworm; complete digestive system tapeworm; no digestive system hookworm; incomplete digestive system pinworm; complete digestive system
hookworm; incomplete digestive system
Which of the following is an INCORRECT match regarding motility? Apicomplexa; nonmotile Archaezoa; flagella Rhizopoda; pseudopods Euglenozoa; nonmotile Ciliophora; cilia
Euglenozoa; nonmotile
Which of these answers is true of the Apicomplexa?
The mature forms are motile by way of cilia.
They are free-living.
Each organism typically has a single host.
Enzyme-containing organelles are present at one end.
The mature forms are motile by way of flagella.
Enzyme-containing organelles are present at one end.
You are an epidemiologist studying an emerging disease reported over the past three years in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan. You have noticed a seasonal pattern of disease, with new cases appearing in late April through September and peaking in July. No new cases appear during late fall or the winter months. This pattern is suggestive of __________.
disease caused by a parasitic protozoa
disease caused by a temperature-sensitive bacterium
disease caused by a temperature-sensitive virus
disease caused by a pathogenic algae
disease transmission by an arthropod vector, such as a mosquito or tick
disease transmission by an arthropod vector, such as a mosquito or tick
Members of a fungal phylum can only reproduce using asexual spores.
False
Most plants benefit from symbiotic fungal partners.
True
Because of their role as producers in the aquatic environment, algae are beneficial to all of the other organisms in the aquatic ecosystem.
False
All protozoa live in or near aquatic environments.
True
