Chapter 12

Question 1

Is selection pressure higher on prey or predators

Answer 1

prey

Question 2

What is the life-dinner principle

Answer 2

that prey are under higher selection pressure than predators because they are fighting for their lives whereas predators are fighting for a meal

Question 3

Two categories of antipredator behavior

Answer 3

1. help prey avoid detection
2. help prey survive once detected

Question 4

Most efficient antipredator behavior

Answer 4

Avoiding detection

Question 5

Synonym for camoflauge

Answer 5

Crypsis

Question 6

What behavior improves camouflage

Answer 6

Sitting still

Question 7

Many cephlapods can actively ….

Answer 7

change color/texture to blend in with the background

Question 8

Freezing behavior or reducing noice helps prey to ….

Answer 8

avoid detection

Question 9

T/F Only predators can eavesdrop on prey

Answer 9

FALSE
Predators and prey can eavesdrop on each other

Question 10

How do moths know to reduce activity when bats are hunting

Answer 10

bats emit echolocation pulses

Question 11

Remage-Healey’s study of antipredator behavior in the gulf toad fish

Answer 11

Gulf fish make high pitched noise while dolphins make low pops
Gulf toad fish hear best in low frequency range

Question 12

Do male gulf toad fish reduce the frequency of their whistle calls in response to dolphin pops?

Answer 12

Yes, if they heard dolphin pops previously, they reduced their noise

Question 13

Aposematism

Answer 13

using bright colors to warn others that you are dangerous

Question 14

Batesian mimicry

Answer 14

harmless animal imitates a dangerous animal to avoid being eaten

Question 15

Mullerian mimicry

Answer 15

many toxic animals have similar warning coloration to reinforce their warning signals

Question 16

Some animals use _____ _____ to avoid predators

Answer 16

distraction displays

Question 17

psuedomorph

Answer 17

become like another creature

Question 18

Tail autonomy

Answer 18

tail squirms around after being cut off

Question 19

How can glands be used to avert predators

Answer 19

use them to emit a foul smell

Question 20

Canestrari study

Answer 20

cuckoo chicks produce foul smelling feces

Question 21

Tail flagging

Answer 21

signal to other deer they have been spotted

Question 22

stotting

Answer 22

stiff legged with all four legs off the ground to deter attacks

Question 23

What makes an animal more likely to feign death for a shorter time period

Answer 23

if they were a better flyer

Question 24

Approaching predator behavior is more likely to occur in …

Answer 24

larger groups
reduces predation risk

Question 25

Most common response of prey to predator

Answer 25

fleeing

Question 26

Flight initiation distance

Answer 26

the distance a predator can approach before the prey flies

Question 27

Stankowhich and Blumstein said 4 things affect flight initiation distance (FID)

Answer 27

1. distance from refuge (den) (Farther=sooner) 2. involved in other activities 3. Previous experience 4. Perception of risk

Question 28

How do birds fight back

Answer 28

mob attack predator remove brood parasites

Question 29

Knowing who is a threat is passed via _________ based off of Curio Blackbird study

Answer 29

Cultural transmission