Chapter 12 Flashcards
define stress
response to the perception of threat, pressure, emotional or physical triggers
stress can be seen as what?
a response, a stimulus (demands from school or a job) or as a product of transaction amongst people
what is the general cause of stress, what is the duration and is it pos or neg?
-external trigger
-acute triggers though it can be chronic
-can be neg or pos
define eustress
positive stress associated with improved performance and productivity
what are the characteristics of anxiety?
-persistent, excessive
-present with or without stressor
-may be out of proportion
-sustained
-negative only, can affect important areas of life
what are some symptoms of stress?
**mental and physical
-fatigue
-anger
-digestive issues
-sweating
- increased heart rate
-poor concentration
what are some symptoms of anxiety?
**mental and physical
-muscle tension
-irritability
-headaches
-stomach pain
-sweating
-irritability
define acute stressors
we experience the stressor as it is happening, as we are coming into contact with it
define episodic acute stressors
experiencing the same stressors on a consistent basis (constant worrying or over committing at work)
define chronic stressors
constant and major life stress
define distress
negative stress associated with performance decline and negative health consequences
what determines where something causes distress or eustress?
perception of the stressor and coping resources
define general adaptation syndrome
3 phases of bodily change that occur due to long term stress
what are the 3 phases of general adaptation syndrome and what scale uses them to measure stress?
- alarm
- resistance
- exhaustion
-life change index scale
what occurs in the alarm stage of stress?
perceive the threat, activation of the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic nervous system), cortisol release, insulin resistance
what occurs in the resistance stage of stress?
cope with stressors, arousal continues
what occurs in the exhaustion stage of stress?
body is negatively impacted
**cells live shorter lives
what is the HPA axis?
response to stress by the hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands
what is the role of cortisol in the body?
releases glucose, helps the body when threatened
define PNI (psychhoneuroimmunology)
studies the relationship between psych, nervous and endocrine systems and the immune system
what happens when stress is chronic within the body?
the HPA axis is always active, adrenals produce more cortisol than necessary
Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) is helpful how?
it is flexible and customizable to every person
define happiness
a psychological perspective and state of mind
what are some of the benefits of happiness?
-health and longevity
-increased productivity and income
-larger pain tolerance
define the state theory
identifying a time period where you were happy (gratification)
define hedonism
more positive, pleasurable experiences in life than negative ones
what is the life satisfaction theory?
satisfaction with your existence, judging your own life and is linked to virtues and values
what are the main sources of happiness?
SOARS
-security
-outlook
-autonomy
-relationships
-skilled and meaningful acitivity
what are altruistic acts?
doing something without expecting it in return
