Chapter 1 Flashcards
what is the triad of psychology?
thinking, feeling and doing
pseudoscience is what?
-content that is not based on research, facts or studied scientifically
-“trendy” psych topics
-not written by qualified professionals
-psychological terminology and scientific sounding language
define common sense/conventional wisdom
commonly held ideas about human thought, behavior and emotions
NOT supported by science
what are the two types of false confessions?
compliance and internalized
define what a compliant false confession is
to avoid punishment, get a plea deal, may want to protect the actual suspect
define what an internalized false confession is
they may believe they did the crime due to potential mental illness/condition
what is psychological knowledge?
verifiable evidence constructed by trained professionals using proven methods
**is based on research
**reviewed by peers
define fact
statements determined to be true through empirical study; they can change over time with developments in knowledge, research etc
define what an opinion, value or belief is
personal statements that cannot be verified by the scientific method
define multiple determinism
ways of thinking, feeling and behaving is produced by many different factors
define limited insight
factors outside of our conscious awareness that impact our behaviour
what are research psychologists?
use scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of human behaviour
what are psychologist-practitioners?
clinicians who use existing research to help enhance the lives of others
what do all psychologists have in common?
they all rely on the scientific method
how does the media influence how we act in every day life?
it can cycle stereotypes through mainstream media to reinforce beliefs, which in turn change behaviors of the public
define what a clinical problem is
things outside of everyday life like a divorce
define the difference between basic and applied psychological research
basic focuses on previously unknown knowledge and advancing that knowledge rather than solving a problem whereas applied seeks to find solutions to current problems
what are some examples of applied psychologists?
-police consultants
-health psychologists
-school psychologists
-program development/evaluation experts
what did Hippocrates conclude about the human brain?
lateralization: the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa
what is the concept of phrenology?
particular parts of the brain correspond to certain personality traits, psychological tendencies and abilities
how was phrenology read?
from the shape of the persons skull
what was the result of phrenology?
development of classic pseudoscience
define structuralism and who developed it
Wundt; identifying the basic building blocks of psychology and the psychological experience/nature of consciousness
define introspection
self examination of one’s conscious thoughts, feelings and sensations
conscious awareness is what?
what we can report about ourselves, our experiences, desires, etc
unconscious awareness is what?
unrevealed passions, wishes, secrets, traumatic memories
define functionalism
why animals and humans have evolved the way they have; precursor to evolutionary psychology; influenced by Charles Darwin
who developed functionalism?
william james
what is the psychodynamic approach?
focuses on the role of our unconscious thoughts, feelings and memories which determine our behaviour
