Chapter 12 - 18 Vocab Flashcards
αἰών, -ῶνος, ὁ
age, eternity
The idioms and both mean “forever.”
διδάσκαλος, -ου, ὁ
teacher
εὐθύς
immediately
ἕως
conj: until
preposition (gen): as far as
μαθητής, -οῦ, ὁ
disciple
μέν
on the one hand, indeed
Postpositive. Sometimes this word is untranslatable. It can occur as a correlative conjunction with δέ. In this case you can translate μέν…δέ as “on the one hand…but on the other.” Usually in English you do not translate μέν and translate δέ as “but.”
μηδείς, μηδεμία, μηδέν
no one/thing
Declines just like οὐδείς
μόνος, -η, -ον
alone, only
All adjectives can function adverbially. This word does so quite often, usually as an accusative neuter (μόνον).
ὅπως
how, that, in order that
ὅσος, -η, -ον
as great as, as many as
The initial ὁς retains the same form, but the second half of the word declines like the relative pronoun. For example, the nominative plural masculine is ὅσοι. This word is idiomatic; rely on context to help with a precise definition.
οὖν
therefore, then, accordingly
Postpositive.
ὀφθαλμός, -οῦ, ὁ
eye, sight
πάλιν
again
πούς, ποδός, ὁ
foot
πούς is declined like ἐλπίς, ἐλπίδος, except that in the nominative singular the omicron of the root lengthens to ου. The dative plural is ποσί(ν).
ὑπέρ + genitive
in behalf of
ὑπέρ + accusative
above
γυνή, γυναικός, ἡ
woman, wife
δικαιοσύνη, -ης, ἡ
righteousness
δώδεκα
twelve. (indeclinable.)
ἑαυτοῦ, -ῆς, -οῦ (give sg & pl)
singular: himself/herself/itself
plural: themselves
ἐκεῖνος, -η, -ο (give sg & pl)
singular: that man/woman/thing
plural: those men/women/things
ἤ
or, than
Do not confuse this with the article, which always has a rough breathing mark.
κἀγώ
and I, but I
Indeclinable. crasis of kai and ego.
μακάριος, -ία, -ιον
blessed, happy
μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα
large, great
πολύς, πολλή, πολύ (give sg, pl, & adverb)
singular: much
plural: many
adverb: often
πῶς
how?
σημεῖον, -ου, τό
sign, miracle
πόλις, -εως, ἡ
city
ἀλήθεια, -ας, ἡ
truth
εἰρήνη, -ης, ἡ
peace
ἐνώπιον (takes genitive)
gen: before
ἐπαγγελία, -ας, ἡ
promise
ἐπτά
seven. indeclinable
θρόνος, -ου, ὁ
throne
᾽Ιερουσαλήμ, ἡ
Jerusalem
indeclinable. however, the article will be inflected.
κατά (κατ΄, καθ΄) [genitive]
gen: down from, against
κεφαλή, -ῆς, ἡ
head
ὁδός, -οῦ, ἡ
way, road, journey, conduct
Notice that although this word appears to be masculine, it is really feminine. It is second a declension feminine noun. It looks like λογος but is feminine. The article that modifies it will always be feminine.
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ
who (whom), which
ὅτε
when
οὕτως
thus, so, in this manner
πλοῖον, -ου, τό
ship, boat
ῥῆμα, -ατος, τό
word, saying
τε
and (so), so
τε is a postpositive and weaker force than kai.
χείρ, χειρός, ἡ
hand, arm, finger
ψυχή, -ῆς, ἡ
soul, life, self
κατά (κατ΄, καθ΄) [accusative]
Down from, against
acc: according to, throughout, during
ἀκούω
I hear, learn, obey, understand
(ἤκουον), ἀκούσω, ἤκουσα, ἀκήοα, -, ἠκούσθην
ἀκούω can take a direct object in either the genitive or accusative.
βλέπω
I see, look at
(ἔβλεπον), βλέψω, ἔβλεψα, -, -, -
ἔχω
I have, hold
(εἶχον), ἕξω, ἔσχον, ἔσχηκα, -, -
In the present tense, the sigma in the root is replaced with a rough breathing, which in turn is lost because of the chi. It will reappear in the future when the chi changes. See MBG if you want more information, page 260.
λέγω
I say, speak
(ἔλεγον), ἐρῶ, εἶπον, εἴρηκα, εἴρημαι, ἐρρέθην
λύω
I loose, untie, destroy
(ἔλυον), λύσω, ἔλυσα, -, λέλυμαι, ἐλύθην
νόμος, -ου, ὁ
law, principle
ὅπου
where
πιστεύω
I believe, have faith (in), trust
(ἐπίστευον), πιστεύσω, ἐπίστευσα, πεπίστευκα, πεπίστευμαι, ἐπιστεύθην
πιστεύω can take a direct object in either the dative or accusative. It is the cognate verb of the noun πίστις and adjective πιστός.
πρόσωπον, -ου, τό
face, appearance
τότε
then, thereafter
τυφλός, -ή, -όν
blind
χαρά, -ᾶς, ἡ
joy, delight
ἀγαπάω
I love, cherish
(ἠγαπων), ἀγαπήσω, ἠγάπησα, ἠγάπηκα, ἠγάπημαι, ἠγαπήθην
δαιμόνιον, -οθ, τό
demon, devil
ζητέω
I seek, desire, try to obtain
(ἐζήτουν), ζητήσω, ἐζήτησα, -, -, ἐζητήθην
καλέω
I call, name, invite
(έκάλουν), καλέσω, έκάλεσα, κέκληκα, κέκλημαι, ἐκλήθην
On the root see 17.12. The digamma helps to explain apparent irregularities in other tenses, as you will see.
λαλέω
I speak, say
(ἐλάλουν) λαλήσω, ἐλάλησα, λελάληκα, λελάλημαι, ἐλαλήθην
οἶδα
I know, understand
εἰδήσω, ᾔδειν, -, -, -
οἶδα is a different type of word. It actually is another tense (Perfect, ch. 25), but it functions as if it were a present. its paradigm is as follows. (see p.145)
ὅταν
whenever
A crasis of ὅτε and ἄν. Introduces a dependent clause.
πλείων, πλεῖον
larger, more
πλείων is masculine and feminine, πλεῖον is neuter. 3-3 adjective. genitive of both is πλείονος. Can use “than” when in genitive.
πληρόω
I fill, complete, fulfill
(ἐπλήρουν), πληρώσω, ἐπλήρωσα, πεπλήρωκα, πεπλήρωμαι, ἐπληρώθην
ἀποκρίνομαι
I answer
-, ἁπεκρινάμην, -, -,ἀπεκρίθην
ἀποκρίνομαι can take a direct object in the dative.
δεῖ
it is necessary
This verb is always third person singular, and its subject is always neuter. (It has a different form for the past tense.)
δύναμαι
I am able, am powerful
(ἐδυνάμην or ἠδυνάμην) δυνήσομαι, -, -, -, ἠδυνήθην
ἔρχομαι
I come, go
(ἠρχόμην) ἐλεύσομαι, ἦλθον or ἦλθα, ἐλήλυθα, -, -
νύξ, νυκτός, ἡ
night
If you are following track 2, just memorize this word for now; its forms will be explained in ch 10.
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι
whoever, whichever, whatever
This word is the combination of the relative and the indefinite pronouns (ὅς + τις). As such, both halves decline. (see p. 349)
πορεύομαι
I go, proceed, live
(ἐπορευόμην), πορεύσομαι, -, -, πεπόρευμαι, ἐπορευμαι, ἐπορεὐθην
συνάγω
I gather together, invite
συνάξω, συνήγαγον, -, συνῆγμαι, συνήχθην
τόπος, -ου, ὁ
place, location
ὡς
as, like, when, that, how, about
Present Passive Indicative connecting vowels + endings
1sg - ο + μαι = ομαι
2sg - ε + σαι = ῃ
3sg - ε + ται = εται
1pl - ο + μεθα = ομεθα
2pl - ε + σθε =εσθα
3pl - ο + νται = ονται
