Chapter 12

Question 1

initiating structure

Answer 1

The extent to which a leader defines and structures his or her role and those of the subordinates to facilitate goal attainment.

Question 2

consideration

Answer 2

The extent to which a leader has job relationships that are characterized by mutual trust, respect for subordinates’ ideas, and regard for their feelings.

Question 3

Fiedler contingency model

Answer 3

The theory that effective groups depend on a proper match between a leader’s style of interacting with subordinates and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader.

Question 4

least preferred coworker (LPC) questionnaire

Answer 4

An instrument that purports to measure whether a person is task- or relationship-oriented.

Question 5

situational leadership theory (SLT)

Answer 5

A contingency theory that focuses on followers’ readiness to accomplish a specific task.

Question 6

path–goal theory

Answer 6

A theory stating that it is the leader’s job to assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide the necessary direction and/or support to ensure that their goals are compatible with the overall objectives of the group or organization.

Question 7

leader–participation model

Answer 7

A leadership theory that provides a set of rules to determine the form and amount of participative decision making in different situations.

Question 8

leader–member exchange (LMX) theory

Answer 8

A theory that supports leaders’ creation of ingroups and outgroups; subordinates with ingroup status have higher performance ratings, less turnover, and greater job satisfaction.

Question 9

transactional leaders

Answer 9

Leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements.

Question 10

transformational leaders

Answer 10

Leaders who inspire, act as role models, and intellectually stimulate, develop, or mentor their followers, thus having a profound and extraordinary effect on them

Question 11

full range of leadership model

Answer 11

A model that depicts seven management styles on a continuum: laissez-faire, management by exception, contingent reward leadership, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence.