chapter 12

Question 1

what are characteristics of siliciclastic sediments

Answer 1

Classified based on grain size
Can be transported by streams and rivers, wind and glaciers, Biogenic sediments, Also known as lithogenous
Gastroliths
Most abundant type of sediment
Sorting can help determine origin

Question 2

what are characteristics of biogenic sediments

Answer 2

Rock type chalk

Distribution affected by depth

Siliceous and calcareous ooze
Correct answer:
Mostly biochemical in origin

Sources include coccolithophores, foraminifera and radiolarians

Siliciclastic sediments

Question 3

what are characteristics of hydrogeneous sediments

Answer 3

Also known as authigenic

Oolitic sand

Evaporite deposit

Methane hydrates

Inorganic precipitation from seawater

Sediments formed at hydrothermal vents

Manganese nodules

biogenic sediments

Question 4

what are characteristics of cosmogenic sediments

Answer 4

Least abundant type of sediment

Spherules

Tektites

Question 5

High energy environments are most likely to contain:

Answer 5

Large particles such as gravel

Question 6

Continental shelf sediments consisting primarily of siliciclastic material are called ______ sediments whereas sediments of the slope, rise and deep-ocean floor are called ______ sediments

Answer 6

lithogenous and pelagic

Question 7

true or false: The continental shelf of eastern North America is still covered mainly by sediments laid down during the last period of glaciation, when sea level was lower.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

The arrangement of sediments deposited by turbidity currents is called:

Answer 8

turbidite

Question 9

The thickest deposits of oceanic sediments are found:

Answer 9

on continental margins.

Question 10

Where are calcareous sediments expected to be found?

Answer 10

in shallow temperate waters

along tropical coastal areas

on elevated mi-ocean ridge systems

Question 11

Calcareous sediments are not likely to be found where?

Answer 11

in very low temperature waters

Question 12

Select the organism that is not a source of calcareous sediments.

coccolithophores
radiolarians
foraminfera

Answer 12

radiolarians

Question 13

what sediment types is least abundant?

Answer 13

cosmogenous

Question 14

Beaches _____ would tend to have the finest sediments.

Answer 14

in very protected bays and lagoons

Question 15

Lithogenous sediments accumulate mostly _________.

Answer 15

on the continental shelf, slope and rise

Question 16

More mature sediments tend to:

Answer 16

be rounder and more well sorted

Question 17

High energy environments are most likely to contain :

Answer 17

large particles such as gravel

Question 18

The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the:

Answer 18

abyssal plain far from a continent