chapter 11 Flashcards
The tide-generating force of the Sun is about ____ % as large as the tide-generating force of the Moon.
50
define perigean tide
Tide occurring when the Moon is closest to the Earth, producing above-average ranges in the tides
define tidal bore
A high, often breaking wave generated by a tide crest that advances rapidly up an estuary or river
define neap tide
Tide occurring during a time of minimum tidal range between high and low tides, when Earth, Moon, and Sun align at right angles.
define Ebb current
Water rushing out of an enclosed harbor or bay because of the fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches
define mixed tide
A complex tidal cycle, usually with two high tides and two low tides of unequal height per lunar day.
define semidiurnal tide
A tidal cycle of two high tides and two low tides each lunar day, with the high tides of nearly equal height.
define astronomical tide
Tide caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the Sun and Moon.
define lunar tide
Tide caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the Moon and Earth
define meteorological tide
Tide influenced by the weather.
define solar tide
Tide caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the Sun and Earth.
define spring tide
Tide occurring during a time of maximum tidal range between high and low tides, when Earth, Moon, and Sun form a straight line.
define diurnal tide
A tidal cycle of one high tide and one low tide per lunar day.
Newtons _______ Theory of tides describes the effects of gravitational and inertial tide-producing forces of the Sun and the Moon on a planet uniformly covered by water whereas the ______Theory of tides includes fluid motion dynamics and factors in such variables as ocean depth and position of continental landmasses
equalibrium and dynamic
As the Moon revolves around the Earth, the angle between its orbital plane and the rotational plane of the Earth varies, which translates in the angle increasing and decreasing in relation to the equator. What is the technical term for that angle?
declination
If the high tide of a diurnal tide occurs at 6:00 am on one day approximately when will the next high tide occur?
6:50am the next day
The centre of mass in the Earth-moon system around which they rotate is called the:
Barycenter
true or false: Because of hostile conditions in the intertidal zone (variation in water depth, intense wave action, salinity and temperature fluctuations, sediment input, etc.), very few organisms have adapted to living in this environment.
false
Slack water occurs during:
the change from flood to ebb tide or vice versa
The tides with the greatest tidal range during the month are the _________ tides.
spring
A tide that has only one high and one low per day is a
_____ tide.
diurnal
A tide that has two high and tow low tides per day, each of different height is called a ______ tide.
mixed/mixed semidiurnal
According to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, which of the following would result in an increased gravitational force between two objects:
increasing the mass of one object, decreasing distance between them
Spring tides occur:
when the angle between the Earth, sun and moon is 180 and approximately every two weeks
TRUE OR FALSE: The intertial force of the Earth/moon rotating system is directed outwards.
true
true or false: Amphidromic circulation in the northern hemisphere generally rotates clockwise.
false
define what an amphidromic point is
the center point around which amphidromic circulation
rotates; there is near-zero tidal range at the amphidromic point
what is a seiche
pendulum-like rocking of water in an enclosed area; a form of standing
wave that can be caused by meteorological or seismic forces, or that may result
from normal resonances excited by tides.
