chapter 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe respiration

A

A chemical process that involves the break down of nutrient molecules in order to release energy stored in the molecules
It can take place with oxygen or without oxygen

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2
Q

State the uses of energy in living things

A

Muscle contraction
protein synthesis
cell division to make new cells
growth
active transport
Maintain constant body temperature

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3
Q

How is respiration controlled?

A
  1. Controlled by ENZYMES, so rate of respiration is affected by TEMPERATURE
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4
Q

describe aerobic respiration

A

The chemical reaction in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrients molecules to release energy

Complete breakdown of glucose
Release large amounts of energy

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5
Q

State the word and chemical equation for aerobic respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water

C6H1206 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O

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6
Q

Describe anaerobic respiration

A

The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Releases less energy than aerobic respiration

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7
Q

State the word and chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast

A

Glucose –> alcohol +carbon dioxide

C6H12O6 –> 2C2H12O6 + 2CO2

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8
Q

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during exercise

A

Glucose –> lactic acid

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9
Q

How body develops oxygen debt ?

A

Oxygen debt develops from lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid causes muscle cramps , decreasing pH of blood
Denaturing enzyme in cells

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10
Q

How to remove lactic acid/ removing oxygen debt

A

To remove lactic acid, extra oxygen is needed to breakdown acid
So we continue to breath deeply and heart rate continues to rise after exercise

Lactic acid diffuses into blood and transported to liver
In liver, lactic acid will be broken by oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water

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