chapter 12 Flashcards
Describe respiration
A chemical process that involves the break down of nutrient molecules in order to release energy stored in the molecules
It can take place with oxygen or without oxygen
State the uses of energy in living things
Muscle contraction
protein synthesis
cell division to make new cells
growth
active transport
Maintain constant body temperature
How is respiration controlled?
- Controlled by ENZYMES, so rate of respiration is affected by TEMPERATURE
describe aerobic respiration
The chemical reaction in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrients molecules to release energy
Complete breakdown of glucose
Release large amounts of energy
State the word and chemical equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water
C6H1206 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Describe anaerobic respiration
The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
Releases less energy than aerobic respiration
State the word and chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast
Glucose –> alcohol +carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 –> 2C2H12O6 + 2CO2
State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during exercise
Glucose –> lactic acid
How body develops oxygen debt ?
Oxygen debt develops from lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid causes muscle cramps , decreasing pH of blood
Denaturing enzyme in cells
How to remove lactic acid/ removing oxygen debt
To remove lactic acid, extra oxygen is needed to breakdown acid
So we continue to breath deeply and heart rate continues to rise after exercise
Lactic acid diffuses into blood and transported to liver
In liver, lactic acid will be broken by oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water
