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Microbiology - BIO 211 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fungi domain

A

eukarya

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2
Q

protozoa domain

A

eukarya

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3
Q

asexual reproduction

A
  1. hyphal fragment breaks off vegetative mycelium
  2. fragment grows to produce new mycelium
  3. vegetative mycelium grows
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4
Q

sexual reproduction

A
  1. haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (-)
    • and - fuse
  3. diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei thru meiosis, creating sexual spores
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5
Q

asexual vs. sexual reproduction

A

asexual reproduction is independent while sexual reproduction requires two organisms

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6
Q

two benefical effects of fungi

A
  1. promote growth of many plant species
  2. fermentation (foods and drinks)
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7
Q

two harmful effects of fungi

A
  1. valley fever (coccidiomycosis)
  2. degradation
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8
Q

characteristic features of algae

A

pigments

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9
Q

characteristics of diatoms

A

silica cell walls, important primary producers in ocean, produce domoic acid (neurotoxins)

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10
Q

characteristics of dinoflagellates

A

have two flagella
endosymbionts in corals
cause red tides
produce neurotoxins (shellfish poisoning)

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11
Q

intermediate host

A

asexual reproduction only

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12
Q

definitive host

A

where sexual reproduction occurs

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13
Q

examples of disease-causing protozoa

A

naegleria fowleri (brain eating amoeba), plasmodium vivax (malaria)

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14
Q

cellular slime molds

A

maintain individual cell walls in slug phase

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15
Q

plasmodial slime molds

A

form multinucleate mass, individual cells lost

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16
Q

fungi nutiritional type

A

chemoheterotroph

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17
Q

fungi cellularity

A

mostly multicellular; yeast are unicellular

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18
Q

fungi cellular arrangement

A

yeast - unicellular
molds - filamentous
mushrooms and fruiting bodies - fleshy

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19
Q

fungi food acquisition method

A

absorptive

20
Q

fungi characteristic features

A

sexual and asexual spores

21
Q

important degraders of…

A

organic matter

especially wood

22
Q

mycorrhizae promote…

A

growth of many species

23
Q

mycelium

A

mass of hyphae

24
Q

fision yeasts divide…

A

symmetrically

25
Q

budding yeasts divide…

A

asymmetrically

26
Q

asymmetrical division

A

budding

like pregnancy

parent cell grows a daughter cell and then it splits

27
Q

symmetrical division

A
28
Q

dimorphism

A

can grow as yeast or mold

29
Q

algae domain

A

eukarya

30
Q

algae nutritional type

A

photoautotroph

31
Q

algae cellularity

A

some are multicellular

32
Q

algae cellular arrangement

A

unicellular, colonial, filamentous, tissues

33
Q

algae food acquisition method

A

diffusion

34
Q

algae are…

A

important primary producers in marine and aquatic ecosystems

fix carbon thru photosynthesis, form base of food web

35
Q

diatom division

A

asexual reproduction
creates new inner cell with each division
gets smaller each time until it is too small to divide; then switches to sexual reproduction

36
Q

endosymbionts

A

on the outside of plant root

37
Q

protozoa nutritional type

A

chemoheterotroph

38
Q

protozoa cellularity

A

always unicellular

39
Q

protozoa food acquisition method

A

absorptive; ingestive

40
Q

protozoa characteristic features

A

motility
some form cysts

41
Q

protozoa are…

A

important predators of bacteria in natural ecosystems

42
Q

Naegleria Fowleri

A

brain eating amoeba
likes warm freshwater environments
enters thru nose

43
Q

schizogony

A

nuclei divide multiple times, then cells divide

44
Q

cellular slime mold life cycle

asexual reproduction

A
  1. ameba reproduces
  2. amebae move toward cAMP signal given off by one ameba
  3. amebae aggregate
  4. sheath forms to create migration stage (slug)
  5. slug stops migrating, begins to form stalk (differentiation stage)
  6. fruiting body with spore cap forms
  7. cells in spore cap form spores
  8. spore is released
  9. ameba germinates from spore
45
Q

plasmodial slime mold life cycle

A

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1. multinucleate plasmodium forms
2. plasmodium grows, distributing nutrients by cytoplasmic streaming
3. plasmodium seperates into groups of protoplasm
4. each group forms sporangia on stalks
5. spores develop in sporangia
6. nuclei in spores go thru meiosis, form gametes
7. spores are released
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
steps 1-7
8. gamete germinates from spore
9. haploid gametes fuse, producing zygote
10. zygote develops by nuclear division and cell growth

Microbiology - BIO 211 (4 decks)

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