Chapter 12

Question 1

what is a thin layer of gases surrounding Earth?

Answer 1

The atmosphere

Question 2

water in its gaseous form

Answer 2

water vapor

Question 3

the atmospheric layer closest to Earth’s surface is called what?

Answer 3

troposphere

Question 4

the atmospheric layer directly above the troposphere is the what?

Answer 4

stratosphere

Question 5

the area of the stratosphere with a high concentration of ozone is called the what?

Answer 5

ozone layer

Question 6

The what is a region within the mesosphere and thermosphere that contains ions

Answer 6

ionosphere

Question 7

What is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Answer 7

radiation

Question 8

what is the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles of matter?

Answer 8

conduction

Question 9

What is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles within matter called?

Answer 9

convection

Question 10

what occurs in the troposphere when temperatures increase as altitude increases

Answer 10

temperature inversion

Question 11

What describes whether circulating air motions will be strong or weak

Answer 11

stability

Question 12

what is the movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure

Answer 12

wind

Question 13

what are steady winds that flow from east to west between 30 degrees N latitude and 30 degrees S latitude

Answer 13

trade winds

Question 14

what are steady winds that flow from west to east between latitudes 30 degrees N and 60 degrees N, and 30 degrees S and 60 degrees S

Answer 14

westerlies

Question 15

what are cold winds that blow from the east to west near the North Pole and South Pole

Answer 15

polar easterlies

Question 16

Near the top of the troposphere is a narrow band of high winds called what?

Answer 16

jet stream

Question 17

What is a wind that blows from the sea to the land due to local temperature and pressure differences

Answer 17

sea breeze

Question 18

What is a wind that blows from the land to the dea due to local temperatures and pressure differences

Answer 18

land breeze

Question 19

the contamination of air by harmful substances including gases and smoke is called what?

Answer 19

air pollution

Question 20

when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combine with moisture in the atmosphere and form precipitation that has a Plt lower than that of normal rainwater is called what?

Answer 20

acid precipitation

Question 21

What is air pollution that forms from the interaction between chemicals in the air and sunlight

Answer 21

photochemical smog

Question 22

what is a mixture of dust, acids, and other chemicals that can be hazardous to human health?

Answer 22

Particulate matter