Chapter 11- Vocab Flashcards
Stem cells
Cells found in embryos and some adult tissues that give rise to other cells
Clone
Identical copy of an organism
Type of cloning that combines a nucleus taken from one individuals body cell with a deny cleared egg cell to produce the first cell of a new organism
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
A single strained sequence of DNA, labeled with a radioactive isotope of fluorescent tag, used to detect the presence of a known sequence of nucleotides
DNA probe
Uses PCR and DNA probes to detect genetic diseases in embryos
Preimplantation genetic diseases
Uses PCR and DNA probes to detect genetic diseases in fetuses, children, and adults
Genetic testing
The practical application of the knowledge of DNA
DNA technology
Protein that cuts double stranded DNA at a specific base sequence
Restriction enzymes
Genetic material that has been cut with restriction enzymes and spliced with DNA from OTHER ORGANISMS
Recombinant DNA
Laboratory technique used to establish a link between biological evidence and a suspect in a criminal investigation
DNA fingerprinting
A technique used in laboratories in order to separate macromolecules based on size. Applies a negative charge so proteins move towards a positive charge
Electrophoresis
Individual with recombinant DNA
Transgenic organism
Determines the nucleotide sequence of DNA fragments
DNA sequencing
Amplifies DNA in a test tube using the cells replication machinery
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
Uses DNA sequencing and PCR to detect genetic differences among individuals
DNA profiling
A test that evaluates the number and structure of a persons chromosomes in order to detect abnormalities
Chromosomal analysis
Number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
Karyotype
Gene therapy
Employs viruses to enter healthy genes into cells
Direct manipulation of an organisms genome using biotech
Genetic modification
Genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of external genetic material from its surroundings through the cell membrane
Genetic transformation
