Chapter 11 terms Flashcards
Condotteiri
leaders of mercenary soldiers, who sold their services
Black Death
bubonic plague that spread through fleas and mice that started in the Mongols, that entered europe through sicily. the european population declined 25-50 percent.
conciliarism
the belief that only a general council of the church could end the great schism and bring reform to the church
great schism
started when there were too many french people in the papacy (pope clement VII). people from rome wanted more italians so they elected pope Urban VI. then the new council chose pope alexander V because the french and italians were divided. Finally the great schism ended as pope martin V was elected
modern devotion
founded by gerard groote which stated you have to be like jesus and serve people to achieve true spiritual communion
mysticism
the experience of oneness with god that was sparked by Meister Eckhart
pogroms
persecution of a large number of people (Jews in starsbourg)
scutage
the money that serfs gave to lords instead of labor on the lands
third estate
peasants and townspeople that made up 85-90 percent of the european population
yersinia pestis
the bacterium that were flea infested rates (caused the black plague)
ciompi
florence wool workers who revolted in 1378
battle of agincourt
henry V invaded france (Charles VI) when they were in a civil war with burgundy and orleans (continued the hundred years’ war)
charles VII
charles the dauphin who used joan of arc to become king
gerrard groote
founded modern devotion (stated above)
golden bull
decree issued by charles IV of the Holy Roman Empire that established a new electoral system for 400 years
unam sactam
issued in 1302, response by Boniface VIII to Philip IV of france stating that the church had temporal power
purgatory
the place where you go in between death and hell/heaven (time depends on sin)
canterbury tales
written by Chaucer in the english vernacular that portrayed english society
giotto
the forerunner in early renaissance art, painted lamentation, captured the expression of jesus and the people around him
four humors
theory that connected particular organs: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile (corresponded with the elements)
boniface VIII
the pope who wrote unam santam to stress the importance of the church; arrested by philip IV because he didn’t want to be excommunicated by boniface VIII
council of constance
council that ended th great schism by electing martin V
babylonian captivity
philip IV arrested Boniface VIII
Martin V
Pope elected by the Council of Constance once the Great Schism ended
Jacqueries
1358, peasant revolt in northern France
Hundred Year’s War
Caused by a conflict over Gascony and the rightful heir to the French throne, England vs France, 20 year truce, war started again at the Battle of Agincourt, French civil war was happening at the same time, Joan of Arc, France won
Philip IV
French, Tried to tax church, Babylonian Captivity
Joan of Arc
Wanted Charles of Dauphine to be king of France, led France to victory, burned at stake
Boccaccio
Decameron, Tuscan vernacular
Dante
Divine Comedy, three sections to salvation: hell, purgatory, and heaven
Petrarch
Sonnets in Italian vernacular
Brothers of the Common Life
Followers of Gerard Groote/Modern Devotion
Sisters of the Common Life
Female equivalent of Brothers of the Common Life
