Chapter 11 - Teams: Characteristics and Diversity Flashcards
A ________ consists of two or more people who work interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose.
team
___________ teams produce goods or provide services, and they generally require a full-time commitment from their members.
Work
___________ teams are responsible for coordinating the activities of organizational subunits—typically departments or functional areas—to help the organization achieve its long-term goals.
Management
___________ teams are composed of members from various jobs, and other teams, who provide recommendations to managers about important issues that run “parallel” to the organization’s production processes.
Parallel
___________ teams are formed to take on “one-time” tasks that are generally complex and require a lot of input from members with different types of training and expertise.
Project
___________ teams perform tasks that are normally limited in duration. However, those tasks are quite complex and take place in contexts that are either highly visible to an audience or of a highly challenging nature.
Action
Research on this type of work arrangement, referred to as __________________ , indicates that employees do not identify with each team equally and that these differences have important implications as to how much effort and commitment employees bring to each of their teams.
multiple team membership
___________ are teams in which the members are geographically dispersed, and interdependent activity occurs through electronic communications—primarily e-mail, instant messaging, group page 363calendars, web conferencing, social media, and other meeting tools
Virtual teams
In the first stage, called _________ , members page 364orient themselves by trying to understand their boundaries in the team.
forming
In the next stage, called _________ , members remain committed to ideas they bring with them to the team.
storming
During the next stage, _________ , members realize that they need to work together to accomplish team goals, and consequently, they begin to cooperate with one another.
norming
In the fourth stage of team development, which is called __________ , members are comfortable working within their roles, and the team makes progress toward goals.
performing
Finally, because the life span of many teams is limited, there’s a stage called __________ . In this stage, members experience anxiety and other emotions as they disengage and ultimately separate from the team.
adjourning
At the initial team meeting, members make assumptions and establish a pattern of behavior that lasts for the first half of its life. That pattern of behavior becomes a matter of habit for members and creates an inertia that continues until roughly the midway point of the project. Then something remarkable happens: Members realize that they have to change their approach to the task to complete it on time.
Punctuated equilibrium
________ interdependence refers to the degree to which team members interact with and rely on other team members for the information, materials, and resources page 365needed to accomplish work for the team
Task
The type of task interdependence with the lowest degree of required coordination is _____________ . With this type of interdependence, group members complete their work assignments independently, and then this work is simply “piled up” to represent the group’s output.
pooled interdependence
The next type of task interdependence is called _____________ . With this type of interdependence, different tasks are done in a prescribed order, and the group is structured such that the members specialize in these tasks.
sequential interdependence
______________ is the next type of task interdependence. Similar to sequential interdependence, members are specialized to perform specific tasks. However, instead of a strict sequence of activities, members interact with a subset of other members to complete the team’s work.
Reciprocal interdependence
Finally, _____________ requires the highest level of interaction and coordination among members as they try to accomplish work. In groups with this type of interdependence, members have a great deal of discretion in terms of what they do and with whom they interact in the course of the collaboration involved in accomplishing the team’s work.
comprehensive interdependence
A high degree of ____________ exists when team members have a shared vision of the team’s goal and align their individual goals with that vision as a result.
goal interdependence
A high degree of _____________ exists when team members share in the rewards that the team earns, with reward examples including pay, bonuses, formal feedback and recognition, pats on the back, extra time off, and continued team survival.
outcome interdependence
You probably already have a sense that team effectiveness hinges on _____________ —or the mix of people who make up the team.
team composition
A _______ is defined as a pattern of behavior that a person is expected to display in a given context.
role
In ____________ , the leader makes decisions for the team and provides direction and control over members page 370who perform assigned tasks, so this distinction makes sense in that the responsibilities of the leader and the rest of the team are distinct.
leader-staff teams
