Chapter 11 - Sub-national government Flashcards
What two ways of sub-national government are there?
Unitary system and federal system
Define unitary system
One in which sovereignty rests with the national government, and regional or local units have no independent power
Define federal system
One in which sovereignty is shared between two or more levels of government, each with independent powers and responsibilities.
What is multilevel governance?
An administrative system in which power is distributed and shared horizontally and vertically among different levels of government, from the supranational to the local, with considerable interaction among the parts.
What are the ways power is divided in unitary systems?
Deconcentration - Central tasks are moved from capital to local regions
Delegation - Myndigheter, ansvarsområden flyttas till autonoma organisationer över vilka regering ansvarar
Devolution - Central government transfer responsibility to lower levels.
Define regional government
Middle-level government in unitary states that take place below the national level and above the local/county level.
What three variations are there of federalism?
Asymmetric federalism, dual federalism and cooperative federalism
Define asymmetric federalism
The phenomenon of states within a federation having unequal levels of power and influence due to size, wealth and other factors
Define dual federalism
National and local levels of government function independently from one another, with separate responsibilities.
Define cooperative federalism
The layers are intermingled and it is difficult always to see who has ultimate responsibility.
What is subsidiarity?
The principle that no task should be performed by a larger and more complex organization if it can be executed as well by a smaller, simpler body.
What is a quasi-federation?
A system of administration that is formally unitary but has some of the features of a federation.
What is a confederation?
A looser form of a federation, consisting of a union of states with more powers in the hand of the constituent members
What is a global city?
A city that holds a key place within the global economic system via its financial, trade, communications, or manufacturing status. Examples, Moscow, London, Paris, Tokyo and New York.
